Battery gaw, jak langai hte matut da ai shaloi, wan n-gun de galai mat ai chemical potential energy hpe shinggyin tawn da ai. Ndai n-gun gaw, battery gaw circuit langai hpe ngut kre hkra galaw nna, n-gun dat hpang wa ai aten du hkra, atom hte molecule lapran na chemical bonds ni hta n shamu n shamawt ai sha nga nga ai.
Battery n-gun a lahkawng lang na shingra tara
Battery ni gaw n-gun masa lahkawng a lapran mau hpa galai shai ai lam hku nna bungli galaw ai. Hkrang shapraw ai aten hta, n-gun gaw battery a electrode hte electrolyte a molecular hkrang kata kaw shinggrup da ai chemical potential- hku nna nga nga ai. Battery hpe matut nna, jak langai hpe n-gun jaw ai shaloi, ndai shinggyin tawn da ai chemical n-gun gaw, electrochemical reactions hku nna wan n-gun de galai shai mat wa ai.
Ndai dual nature gaw battery ni hpe kaga power source ni hte garan ginhka ya ai. Matut manoi wan n-gun hpe jaw ya ai wan n-gun pru ai shara (sh) wan hkru ai hku nna n-gun hpe shapraw ya ai wan sau hte n bung ai sha, battery ni gaw chemical hte wan n-gun domain lahkawng yan hpe shingdaw ya ai. Battery arung arai ni hta lawm ai chemical bonds ni gaw shinggan circuit langai mi galai shai ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai aten du hkra, n-gun hpe ngang grin ai, -lang na matu jin jin rai sai hku hkam la nga ai.
Dai galai shai ai lam gaw battery a electrode ni hta byin ai oxidation-htum mat ai lam (redox) hku nna byin pru wa ai. Negative electrode (anode) kaw, oxidation gaw electron ni hpe shapraw ya ai. Ndai electron ni gaw na a jak a circuit hku nna lwi nna bungli galaw nga ai. Dai laman, kaja ai electrode (cathode) kaw, shayawm ai lam ni gaw ndai electron ni hpe hkap la nna, shingjawng ai lam hpe ngut kre hkra galaw ai. Ndai lam yawng hta, ion ni gaw battery a electrolyte hku nna charge balance hpe n-gun jaw na matu hkawm sa wa ai.
Battery ni hta lawm ai Chemical n-gun atsam hpe chye na na matu
Chemical potential energy gaw molecular bonds hta shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun hpe madi madun ai-atom ni hpe n-gun langai hku nna shinggrup da ai n-gun ni hpe madi madun ai. Battery ni hta, ndai n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai ladat gaw kaga chye da ai chemical n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu ai ladat ni hte bung nga ai. Gasoline molecule ni gaw wan hkru ai jak ni gaw jak n-gun de galai shai ai chemical n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai. Hpun hta wan hkru ai shaloi katsi ai de galai mat ai chemical bonds ni lawm ai. Battery ni gaw dai hte bung ai npawt tara hpe hkan sa ai raitim, ahkyak ai shai hkat ai lam langai mi nga ai: shanhte gaw wan hkru ai lam (sh) jak rung lapran na lam ni n lawm ai sha, chemical energy hpe wan n-gun de hkrak sha galai shai ya ai.
Battery langai hta lawm ai laksan chemical compound ni gaw shi a n-gun atsam hte n-gun atsam hpe dawdan ya ai. Ga shadawn, lithium-ion battery ni gaw, graphite hte lithium-lawm ai n-gun dat ni a lapran hta shamu shamawt nga ai lithium ion ni hku nna n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai. Lead-acid battery ni gaw, n-gun n-gun, n-gun n-gun, n-gun n-gun n-gun lapran na shingjawng ai lam ni hpe kam hpa nga ai. Chemistry langai hte langai gaw, shi a chemical bonds ni a n-gun atsam hte bai nhtang wa lu ai atsam hpe madung tawn nna, laklai ai n-gun atsam hpe shinggyin la lu ai atsam ni hpe jaw ya nga ai.
N-gun atsam-battery langai a n-gun hte seng nna kade daram n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu ai-dai gaw shi a arai ni a chemical potential hta hkrak madung nga ai. N-gun atsam dap kawn sawk sagawn ai lam hta, lithium-ion battery cell ni gaw 2010 ning kaw nna kilogram mi hta n-gun atsam hpe masum lang daram jat wa sai, madung gaw electrode ni hta lang ai chemical n-gun atsam hte hkrang masa ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai hku nna re.
Chemical potential energy a ngang grin ai lam gaw battery ni hpe laklai ai hku shinggyin la lu ai arung arai ni byin shangun ai. Wire hku nna lwi ai wan n-gun (kinetic energy) shing nrai, nbung hpe shinggrup da ai wan n-gun (mechanical potential energy) hte n bung ai sha, battery ni hta lawm ai chemical bonds ni gaw, n-gun hpe aten galu hkam la lu nna, sum mat ai lam n law ai. Ya aten na lithium-ion battery ni gaw, n bungli galaw ai sha, shata mi hta charge 1-2% sha sum mat ai-chemical bonds ni gaw n-gun hpe kade daram hkrak hkra makawp maga ya lu ai hpe sakse madun ai.
N-gun galai shai ai lam: Chemical kaw nna Electrical de
Chemical kaw nna wan n-gun de galai shai wa ai hta, hkrak hkrak hkrang shapraw da ai atom shamu shamawt lam ni lawm ai. Na a phone a power button hpe dip ai shaloi (sh) mawdaw a wan wut ai shaloi, battery kata na chemical reaction ni hpe byin shangun ai wan n-gun circuit hpe ngut kre hkra galaw ai.
Ndai hku galai shai wa ai lam hpe yu ga:
Anode kaw (n kaja ai npawt nhpang), oxidation byin ai lam ni gaw, electrode arung arai kata na atom ni kaw na electron ni hpe shaw kau ya ai. Lithium-ion battery a matu, graphite anode kaw na lithium atom ni gaw shanhte a electron ni hpe shapraw kau nna, kaja ai charge rawng ai lithium ion ni byin wa ai. Ndai electron pru wa ai gaw, terminal kaw na n kaja ai charge hpe jat shangun ai.
Shinggan circuit hku nna, ndai lawt lu ai electron ni gaw, positive terminal de lwi wa nna, na a jak hku nna hkawm sa wa nna, lam hkawm ai shaloi, dai hpe n-gun jaw ai. Ndai electron lwi ai lam gaw, na a smartphone, laptop, wan jak mawdaw ni hpe shamu shamawt shangun ai wan n-gun hpe shabyin ya ai.
Battery kata kaw ., lithium ion ni gaw anode kaw nna cathode de ntsin (sh) gel wan n-gun hku nna htawt sit wa ai. Electrolyte gaw ion highway zawn galaw nna, electron lwi ai hpe pat shingdang ai-electron ni hpe na a jak hku nna shinggan lam de sa na matu shadut ya ai.
Cathode kaw (kaja ai npawt nhpang), cathode arung arai gaw shinggan circuit kaw nna du wa ai electron ni hpe hkap la ai shaloi, shayawm ai lam ni byin pru wa ai. Dai aten hta sha, electrolyte hku nna du wa ai lithium ion ni gaw ndai electron ni hte pawng nna, electrochemical shingjawng ai lam hpe ngut kre hkra galaw ya ai.
Ndai lam gaw, circuit hpe pat da ai aten du hkra, electrode ni hta reactive materials ni naw nga ai aten du hkra matut manoi galaw nga ai. Voltage shapraw ai-madung hku nna alkaline battery ni a matu 1.5V (sh) lithium -a matu cell langai hta 3.7V rai nna, anode hte cathode arung arai ni a lapran na chemical potential shai hkat ai hta madung nga ai.
Ladat hpe bai nhtang wa hkra galaw ai: Battery ni hpe bai gram lajang mai ai
Recharge galaw mai ai battery ni gaw, nhtang galai shai ai lam hpe galaw ya lu ai. Phone charger hpe plug bang dat ai shaloi, shinggan na wan n-gun hpe bang nna, dai gaw chemical reaction ni hpe nhtang de shadut ya ai. Anode kata de atik anang bang dat ai electron ni gaw, shawng na chemical compound ni hpe bai gram lajang ya nna, battery a chemical n-gun hpe bai gram lajang ya ai. Ndai nhtang wa mai ai lam gaw, nhtang wa lu ai battery ni hpe langai lang-lang ai amyu ni hte garan ginhka ai, raitim, charge-discharge cycle shagu hta n mai nhtang wa ai galai shai lam kaji ni hpe shabyin ya nna, battery a n-gun hpe loi loi hte shayawm kau ya ai.
MIT kaw na hpaji ninghkring ni tsun ai hta, ndai hkam sha lam ni gaw hpa majaw charge galaw ai shaloi tsep kawp n nhtang wa ai hpe chye na ai lam gaw, active sawk sagawn ai lam langai mi naw rai nga ai. N hkum tsup ai bai nhtang wa lu ai lam gaw, phone battery ni hpang jahtum e n-gun yawm mat ai lam hpe sang lang dan ai-electrode hkrang hta n-gun n rawng ai galai shai lam ni hte electrolyte chemistry ni gaw latsa lang tup shinggyin la lu ai lam ni hpe sang lang dan nga ai.
Battery amyu myu hte shanhte a Chemical n-gun atsam masa ni
Battery chemistry gaw grai shai hkat ai, langai hte langai gaw jai lang ai chemical n-gun atsam ni hpe madung tawn nna laklai ai akyu ni hpe jaw ya ai:
Lithium-Ion wan n-gun ni
Ndai n-gun hpe n-gun jat ya lu ai battery ni gaw lithium-lawm ai n-gun dat lahkawng a lapran na lithium-ion shamu shamawt ai hku nna n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai. Shanhte a n-gun kaba ai n-gun atsam-madung hku nna kilogram mi hta 150-250 watt-hours-dai majaw, shanhte hpe htaw mai ai electronic hte wan jak mawdaw ni a matu grai kaja ai. Chemical n-gun gaw electrode lahkawng yan hta nhtang wa mai ai lithium bang ai n-gun atsam ni hta nga ai.
Lead-Acid Battery ni
1859 ning kaw nna galaw hpang wa ai, lead-acid battery ni gaw, lead, lead dioxide, hte sulphuric acid lapran na shingjawng ai lam hku nna n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai. Hka pru ai shaloi, electrode lahkawng yan gaw lead sulfate de galai mat nna, sulfuric acid gaw hka lim mat ai. Charging galaw ai gaw ndai reaction ni hpe bai nhtang wa shangun nna, shawng na arung arai ni hpe bai gram lajang ya ai. Lithium{6}}ion battery ni hta grau li nna n-gun n law ai raitim, shanhte a kam mai ai chemistry hte manu n law ai gaw mawdaw ni hpe hpaw hpang ai application ni hta shanhte a uphkang ai lam hpe matut manoi tawn da nga ai.
Alkaline Battery ni
Langai lang lang ai alkaline battery ni gaw, alkaline wan n-gun hta zinc hte manganese dioxide n-gun ni hpe jai lang ai. Zinc a oxidation hte manganese dioxide hpe shayawm ai hta shinggyin tawn da ai chemical n-gun gaw, hka lim ai jak ni a matu kam mai ai, aten galu-hpring tsup ai atsam hpe jaw ya ai. Shanhte a chemistry gaw loi loi hte nhtang wa ai majaw, recharge galaw na matu n htap htuk ai.
Hpaw pru wa nga ai Chemistry ni
N-gun shinggyin ai lam hpe galai shai kau ya lu ai battery chemistries nnan ni hpe sawk sagawn ai lam matut galaw nga ai. Solid-state battery ni gaw ntsin electrolyte ni hpe n-gun ja ai arung arai ni hte galai kau ya nna, n-gun atsam hpe masum lang jat ya lu ai sha n-ga, shim lum lam hpe mung grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai. Lithium-sulfur battery ni gaw grau tsaw ai theory n-gun atsam ni hpe ga sadi jaw da ai. Ndai rawt jat lam ni gaw, n-gun grau law ai, shim lum ai htinggaw ni hta shinggyin tawn da ai tsi mawan ni hpe tam ai lam hpe madung tawn ai.
Hpa majaw Chemical N-gun gaw Battery ni hpe akyu rawng hkra galaw ya ai
Chemical n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn na matu lata ai lam gaw n tara ai hku n galaw ai-dai gaw laklai ai tatut akyu ni hpe jaw ya ai:
N-gun atsam: Chemical bonds ni gaw n-gun law law hpe n-gun n law ai hku shinggyin la lu ai. Lithium-ion battery ni gaw 150-250 Wh/kg hpe lu la ai, nbungli n-gun (5-130 Wh/kg) zawn re ai jak hte nbung hpe n-gun dat ai ladat ni hta pyi grau ai.
Hkawm da ai aten: Chemical n-gun atsam gaw aten galu laman ngang grin nga ai. Capacitor ni hta na wan n-gun charge gaw hkying hkum loi mi laman hta lwi mat wa ai hte n bung ai sha, battery chemistry gaw n-gun hpe shata law law (sh) shaning law law tup n-gun n law htum self-discharge hte n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun hte n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun n-gun n-gun hpe shayawm kau ya lu ai.
Hkam la mai ai: Battery arung arai ni a solid (sh) semi-solid shingra tara gaw, htaw mai ai n-gun hpe lu shangun ai. Wan jak (sh) nbungli jak hpe loi loi hte n mai gun hpai ai raitim, battery kata na chemical energy gaw nang ra ai shara de sa mat wa ai.
Hkang lu ai shapraw ai: Battery ni hta chemical reaction ni gaw hkang lu ai n-gun hte byin wa nna, n-gun n-gun n-htum n-wai pru wa ai. Electrolyte hte electrode ni a hkrang gaw, chemical n-gun hpe wan n-gun de kade daram lawan ai hku galai shai wa ai hpe hkang ya nna, hkrit tsang hpa lawan ai hku pru wa ai hpe pat shingdang ya ai.
Scalable: Battery system ni gaw, na lu ai arung arai ni hpe n-gun jaw ai button cell kaji ni kaw nna, grid- kaba ai shingbyi shara ni de jat wa ai. Ndai npawt nhpang chemistry langai sha ndai ginra ting hta bungli galaw nga ai, n-gun atsam hpe gaw, n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni a law htum hte sha dawdan ai.
N-gun atsam rap ra ai lam: Hpa shang wa ai gaw pru wa ra ai
Battery n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai gaw thermodynamic tara ni hpe hkan sa ai. Nang shaw la ai wan n-gun gaw charge galaw ai shaloi shinggyin tawn da ai chemical n-gun hta n mai jan ai-teng sha nga yang, n mai koi yen ai sum ai lam ni a majaw galoi mung n law ai.
Dai ni na aten na lithium-ion battery ni a matu charge hte discharge galaw ai atsam gaw 80-95% kaw nna rai nga ai. "Missing" ngu ai n-gun gaw n mat mat ai; shi gaw ladat amyu myu hku nna katsi ai de galai shai mat ai:
Electrodes hte current collector ni hta nga ai ninghkap ai lam gaw n-gun nkau mi hpe katsi ai zawn shabra kau ya ai.
Electrolyte hku nna ion shamu shamawt ai gaw, n-gun n-gun hpe shabyin ya ai.
Side reactions-n ra sharawng ai tsi ladat ni-n-gun loi mi sha jai lang ai
Lithium bang ai shaloi electrode arung arai ni a hkrang galai shai ai lam gaw n-gun hpe hkap la ai
Ndai akyu rawng ai lam hpe myit yu ai lam gaw grid-scale n-gun shinggyin ai lam zawn re ai application ni a matu ahkyak nga ai. Shana tup lang na matu jan a n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai shara langai gaw, mahkawng da ai aten hta 5-20% n-gun sum ai lam hpe maram yu ra ai. Dai byin pru wa ai nbung hpe mung, battery kaba ni hte wan jak mawdaw ni hta nbung hpe hkangzing ai ladat ni ra nga ai.
Npawt nhpang n-gun galai shai ai lam gaw naw nga ai: wan n-gun → chemical potential n-gun (charge galaw ai aten) → wan n-gun (discharge galaw ai aten). Battery langai mi mung n-gun n shabyin ya ai; dai hpe chemical reaction hku nna shinggyin la nna shapraw kau ai sha re.
Battery n-gun hpe shadawn ai: Madung masat masa ni
Specification law law gaw battery a n-gun atsam hpe tsun dan ai:
Galaw lu na atsam(amp-hours (sh) Ah hku shadawn ai) gaw battery langai mi jaw lu ai charge yawng hpe madun ai. 2000mAh phone battery gaw theory hku yu yang hkying hkum mi laman 2 amps, shing nrai hkying hkum mali laman 0.5 amps jaw lu ai.
N-gun atsam(watt-hours (sh) Wh hku shadawn ai) gaw battery langai galaw lu ai bungli yawng hpe tsun ai. Dai hpe n-gun atsam hte n-gun atsam hpe garan nna sawn la u: 3.7V, 2000mAh battery langai hta 7.4 Wh n-gun rawng ai.
N-gun atsam(Wh/kg (sh) Wh/L) ngu ai gaw, jaw da ai mass (sh) volume langai hta kade daram n-gun nga ai hpe tsun ai. N-gun grau law ai ngu ai gaw, wan jak mawdaw ni hte htaw sa mai ai jak ni a matu ahkyak ai, n-gun n law ai, kaji ai package- hta n-gun grau law ai hpe tsun mayu ai.
N-gun atsam(W/kg) gaw battery langai mi hta shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun hpe kade daram lawan ai hku jaw lu ai hpe madun ai. Power arung arai ni (sh) wan jak mawdaw ni hpe lawan ladan galaw ai zawn re ai n-gun hpe lawan ai hku shapraw kau ra ai application ni a matu high power density gaw ahkyak nga ai.
Cycle pratbattery langai a atsam grai hkrat sum shi yang, charge-discharge cycle kade hkam sharang ra ai hpe shadawn ai. Ndai masat da ai lam gaw, bai charge galaw ai shaloi, chemical reaction ni kade daram nhtang wa ai hte hkrak matut mahkai nga ai.
Battery Energy hte seng nna, masha law malawng myit shut ai lam ni
Shut ai ningmu: Battery ni gaw wan n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da aiTengman ai lam: Battery ni gaw chemical n-gun hpe mahkawng da nna, ra ai hku wan n-gun shapraw ya ai. Wan n-gun gaw electron ni a lwi ai lam re-nang gaw lwi ai hka hpe shinggyin la lu ai zawn, lwi nga ai current hpe mung "hkap la" lu na n rai. Battery ni gaw de a malai, n-gun hpe chemical hku nna makawp maga ya nna, ra ai shaloi wan n-gun hku nna shapraw ya ai.
Shut ai ningmu: Battery yawng gaw maren sha bungli galaw ai .Tengman ai lam: Battery chemistry amyu myu gaw, n bung ai chemical ni hpe lang ai. Lithium-ion battery a n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu ai ladat gaw lead-acid (sh) alkaline battery hte madung hku shai ai, raitim yawng gaw chemical hte wan n-gun lapran galai shai ai lam a madung tara hpe hkan sa ma ai.
Shut ai ningmu: Wan n-gun pru mat ai majaw battery ni a n-gun yawm mat aiTengman ai lam: Electrode arung arai ni hte electrolyte chemistry hta n mai nhtang wa ai galai shai ai lam ni a majaw, atsam yawm mat ai lam byin pru wa ai. Ion hpe bai kahtap bang nna shaw kau ai shaloi, crystal hkrang ni hpe loi loi hte galai shai kau ya nna, chemical compound nnan ni byin pru wa nna, electrolyte gaw loi mi hten za mat ai. Ndai cumulative galai shai ai lam ni gaw, bai nhtang wa mai ai chemical n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu ai atsam hpe shayawm ya ai.
Shut ai ningmu: Katsi ai shara gaw battery ni hpe htum mat shangun aiTengman ai lam: N-gun n law ai gaw battery kaw na n-gun hpe n shapraw kau ya ai. De a malai, n-gun galai shai ai lam hta lit nga ai chemical reaction ni hpe shayawm kau ya ai. Dai n-gun gaw naw shinggyin tawn da ai raitim, katsi ai shara hta n-gun n law ai majaw, battery gaw n-gun n law ai.
Chemical n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai htawm hpang
Battery hpaji masa gaw, sawk sagawn ai ni gaw, tsi ladat nnan ni hpe mu tam nna, nga taw sai ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai majaw, matut nna rawt jat wa nga ai. Battery ni gaw chemical energy hpe gara hku mahkawng da nna gara hku jaw ya ai hpe grau kaja hkra galaw na matu rawt jat lam law law gaw ga sadi jaw da ai:
N-gun ja ai-masa battery nin-gun grau law hkra mahkawng da ai lithium metal anode ni hpe n-gun ja ai arung arai ni hte galai kau ai. Shawng na hkrang shapraw ai lam ni gaw 400 Wh/kg de du wa ai n-gun atsam hpe madun dan ai-ya aten na lithium-ion hpaji masa hta lahkawng lang daram law ai.
Silicon anodes20-40% daram lithium-ion atsam hpe n-gun ja shangun lu ai, n-gun ja ai graphite anode ni hte shingdaw yang. Silicon gaw lithium ion ni hpe grau law hkra hkap la lu ai majaw, n-gun langai sha hta jat bang ai chemical n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu ai.
Rawt jat galu kaba wa ai wan n-gunnovel solvents hte additives ni hpe jai lang ai gaw, battery ni hpe grau dam lada ai nbung katsi ai shara ni hta bungli galaw lu shangun nna, chemical-to-electrical galai shai ai lam hta n-gun kaba ai hpe n-gun jaw lu ai.
Lithium-nhprang wan n-ga500 Wh/kg hta jan ai theoretical n-gun density ni hpe sulfur a n-gun kaba hpe shinggyin la lu ai atsam hpe jai lang nna jaw ya ai. Cycle jawn ai shaloi sulfur hka mat ai grup yin na hpaji masa lam ni a majaw ya aten hta hpaga lam hta mai byin ai lam hpe pat shingdang nga ai.
Sodium-ion battery nin-gun n law ai shara hta n shamu n shamawt ai sha tawn da na matu lithium-based system ni a malai mai byin ai kaga ladat langai hpe jaw ya ai. Sodium law law nga ai hte manu n law ai gaw, kaba ai-chemical n-gun hpe shinggyin la lu na matu democracy byin shangun lu ai.
Ndai rawt jat lam ni gaw yaw shada lam langai sha rai nga ai: chemical potential energy hpe grau n-gun n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai, grau shim lum ai, grau galu ai-hpring tsup ai package ni hta shinggyin bang nna, wan n-gun de galai shai ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai.
Galoi mung san ai ga san ni
Battery kata na n-gun gaw chemical (sh) wan n-gun rai kun?
Battery ni gaw chemical potential n-gun hpe mahkawng da nna, n-gun dat dat ai shaloi wan n-gun de galai shai kau ya ai. Hkrang shapraw da ai aten hta, n-gun gaw atom ni a lapran na matut mahkai lam ni hta chemical potential hku nna nga nga ai. Active discharge galaw ai aten hta sha ndai chemical n-gun gaw circuit langai hku nna lwi nga ai wan n-gun byin wa ai.
Battery hta bang da ai n-gun hpe jat ya lu na kun?
Battery langai a hkrang shapraw da ai atsam hta jan nna n-gun hpe n mai jat bang ai-ndai hpe electrode ni hta lawm ai chemical arung arai ni a law htum hte amyu hpe yu nna dawdan ai. Battery hpe "overcharge" galaw na matu shakut ai gaw, arung arai ni hpe hkra machyi shangun ai (sh) shim lum lam hpe hkra machyi shangun ai reaction ni hpe shabyin ya ai. Raitim, sawk sagawn ai ni gaw, n-gun grau law hkra hpe n-gun langai sha hta mahkawng da lu ai battery chemistry nnan ni hpe matut nna galaw nga ai.
Battery ni hpe charge (sh) discharge galaw ai shaloi hpa majaw katsi mat ai kun?
Chemical hte electrical hkrang lapran na n-gun hpe galai shai ya ai chemical reaction ni gaw hkum tsup ai hku n mai byin ai. Ion shamu shamawt ai lam hte electron lwi ai lam hpe ninghkap ai lam, kaji kajaw maga mi de byin ai lam ni gaw, n-gun nkau mi hpe katsi ai de galai shai kau ya ai. Lawan ai hku charge (sh) discharge galaw ai gaw ndai lam ni hpe lawan shangun nna, grau nna katsi ai hpe shapraw ya ai.
Battery langai hta chemical n-gun kade daram na hkra n-gun rawng nga lu ai kun?
Ya aten na battery ni gaw n-gun hpe shaning law law shinggyin la lu nna, loi loi hte self-discharge galaw lu ai. Alkaline battery ni hpe 5 ning tup tawn da ngut ai hpang 85-90% n-gun hpe naw tawn da lu ai. Lithium-ion battery ni gaw shata mi hta 1-2% daram sha n-gun yawm mat ai. Battery arung arai ni a chemical stability gaw, shinggyin tawn da ai aten hpe dawdan ya ai-grau ngang grin ai chemical bonds ni gaw n-gun hpe grau na galu hkra hkam la lu ai.
Hpang jahtum myit ai lam
Chemical potential energy gaw battery hpe shinggyim masha ni a matu n-gun atsam hpe shinggyin la lu ai ladat langai byin shangun ai. Ndai n-gun atsam hkrang gaw, dai ni na htunghking masa grau grau kam hpa nga ai, ngang grin ai, htaw sa mai ai, n-gun atsam hpe jaw ya nga ai. Na a shingkyit kata na phone kaw nna anhte a lam ntsa na wan jak mawdaw ni du hkra, bai gram lajang mai ai n-gun hpe rap ra hkra galaw ai grid-scale installation ni-yawng gaw, ra kadawn ai aten hta n-gun hpe shim lum ai hku shinggyin tawn da nna shapraw lu ai chemistry a atsam hpe kam hpa nga ai.
Battery chemistry matut manoi rawt jat wa ai gaw, grau nna n-gun hpe grau kaja hkra shinggyin la lu na matu ga sadi jaw nga ai. Hpaji ninghkring ni gaw, tsi mawan nnan ni hpe hpaw nna, nga taw sai ni hpe gram lajang ai shaloi, battery ni gaw n-gun grau law ai hpe kaji ai, n-gun n law ai, shim lum ai package ni hta bang na re. Battery ni gaw npawt nhpang hku nna chemical energy jak ni re-wan n-gun n re ai hpe chye na ai gaw, wan n-gun grau grau law wa ai mungkan hpe anhte gawgap nga ai shaloi, shanhte a atsam marai hte shadawn sharam ai lam lahkawng yan hpe manu shadan chye na matu karum ya nga ai.
Ahkyak ai lam ni
Battery ni hpe tawn da aitsi mawan atsam n-gunshanhte a electrode arung arai ni hte electrolyte ni a molecular matut mahkai lam hta
Ndai tsi mawan n-gunwan n-gun de galai shai aiBattery gaw jak langai hpe n-gun jaw ai shaloi, electrochemical bai htang ai lam hku nna
Battery n bung ai tsi mawan ni (lithium-ion, lead-acid, alkaline) ni gaw n bung ai tsi mawan ni hpe jai lang tim, n bung ai n-gun galai shai ai lam a madung tara hpe hkan sa ma ai.
Chemical n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai gaw 1990 ning a akyu ni hpe jaw ya ai.n-gun kaba ai, galu- aten galu ngang grin ai lam, Htehtaw sa mai ai
Battery a akyu gaw 80-95% kaw nna rai nna, sum mat ai n-gun gaw chemical-electrical galai shai ai lam ni hta katsi ai de galai mat wa ai
Hpaji jaw ai kata na matut mahkai ahkaw ahkang ni
Aten ladaw ni na wa ai hte maren battery ni gara hku hten za mat ai (battery a prat hte gram lajang ai lam)
Battery a tsi mawan ni hpe shingdaw yu ai (lithium-ion hte lead -acid hte alkaline)
Battery shimlum lam hte katsi ai hpe hkang ai lam
Wan jak mawdaw battery hpaji
Grid-scale n-gun mahkawng da ai hparan ladat ni
Battery hpe bai jai lang ai lam hte ngang grin ai lam