BESS Frequency tara: MW hte MWh hpe gara hku size galaw na

BESS chyahkring hkring tarawan n-gun jaw ai hte ra ai lapran aten kadun-n ​​rap ra ai lam ni hpe sharai la na matu lawan ai, lahkawng maga de hkawm sa ai battery power hpe jai lang ai. Grid frequency hkrat sum mat ai shaloi, battery n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai ladat gaw active power hpe shapraw kau ya ai. Frequency rawt wa ai shaloi, charge galaw nna power hpe hkap la ai. Hpun hpe hkang ai wa,n-gun hpareng ai ladat, power galai shai ai ladat hte battery hparan ai ladat gaw ndai bungli hpe garan gachyan nna, langai hte langai gaw mahtai hpe tinang hkrai shadawn sharam da lu ai.

Speed ​​gaw loi ai daw re. Ya aten na gara inverter- hpe madung tawn ai BESS gaw second langai (sh) dai hta n-ga aten laman hta active power hpe galai shai ya lu ai. Frequency{3}}regulation project langai mi gumhpraw lu ai kun ngu ai hpe dawdan ai lam gaw n-gun n rawng ai: ahkang jaw da ai charge window kata hta kade daram n-gun hpe teng sha jai lang mai ai, meter hte inverter lapran kade daram delay dung nga ai, regulation signal gaw battery hpe plan langai mi de lai shangun ai kun, operator a shawng nnan lang shakut ai shaloi, n-gun jaw ai chyam dinglik ai lam hpe galaw ai.

Ndai laika buk gaw mahtai hkum nan, bungli galaw ngut sai ga shadawn hte sizing arithmetic, bungli galaw ai shaloi dan dawng wa ai hkrat sum ai lam ni hpe hkawm sa ai.

BESS Frequency Tara ngu ai gaw hpa rai ta?

Grid frequency gaw, n-gun dat hte jai lang ai lam lapran na tengman ai-ten rap ra ai lam hpe madun dan ai. Demand gaw generation hta jan ai shaloi, frequency hkrat sum mat ai. Generation gaw ra kadawn ai hta jan ai shaloi, frequency rawt jat wa ai. Frequency- hpe hkang ai resource gaw dai rap ra lam hpe bai gram lajang na matu shi a active power hpe galai shai kau ya ai.

BESS langai gaw maga lahkawng de shamu shamawt lu ai:

• N law htum mahtai:battery gaw grid de power hpe shapraw kau ya ai.
• Grai lang ai mahtai:battery gaw charge galaw nna grid kaw na power hpe hkap la ai.

Dingdung Amerika na system ni gaw, 60 Hz ngu ai nominal hta madung galaw ai; Europe, UK hte kaga system law malawng gaw 50 Hz hta sha galaw ai. Activation threshold, deadbands hte ra ai mahtai jaw ai lam ni gaw, battery jaw ai wa kaw na n re ai sha, jai lang mai ai grid code hte system operator kaw na pru wa ai.

Laksan garan ginhka ai lam langai hpe aten dep gram lajang na matu manu dan ai, hpa majaw nga yang, dai gaw yawng hpe npu de shadut ya ai: frequency regulation gaw .n-gunmagam bungli, shingdu n-gun atsam gawtsam n-gundaw jau. Regulation gaw second hte minutes hku shadawn ai lawan ai, hkrak ai, bai kahtap nna n-gun galai shai ai lam hpe hpyi shawn ai. Backup gaw hkying hkum hku shadawn ai galu kaba wa ai pru wa ai lam hpe hpyi shawn ai. BESS langai sha gaw lahkawng yan hpe galaw lu ai, raitim - lahkawng yan a matu sized hte control galaw ra ai rai nna, dai lit lahkawng gaw state of charge langai sha a matu shingjawng na re.

Hpa majaw Grid Frequency galai shai ai

Wan n-gun hpe shapraw ai aten hta sha jai lang ai majaw, n htap htuk ai lam gaw kalang ta frequency deviation hku nna dan dawng wa ai. Kaja wa byin ai lam ni gaw, generator n-gun yawm mat ai, transmission hkrat sum mat ai, industrial load kaba hpe hpaw kau ai, bai gram lajang mai ai n-gun hpe akajawng sha galai shai kau ai, tau hkrau tsun shapraw ai lam hta shut ai lam, interconnector byin ai lam (sh) load kaba hpe dawm kau ai lam ni lawm ai. Dai n bung ai lam a kaba ai hte lawan ai lam gaw, Rate of Change of Frequency, frequency nadir a sung ai lam hte system ra ai sharai la lu ai atsam hpe shabyin ya ai.

Synchronous generator ni gaw, akajawng sha byin pru wa ai frequency galai shai ai lam hpe shingra tara hku nna ninghkap lu ai, shinggrup ai mass hpe gun hpai nga ai. Solar PV, nbungli jak law malawng hte BESS shagu gaw de a malai power electronics hku nna matut mahkai nga ai. Inverter- hpe madung tawn ai arung arai ni gaw synchronous fleet a daw hpe galai kau ya ai majaw, n law htum n-gun n rawng ai shingjawng ai lam n nga ai, mahtai law law gaw hkrak hkrak gram lajang da ai inverter hkang ai lam ni hte ga sadi tawn da ai reserves ni kaw na pru wa ra ai. NERC a kam hpa mai ai lam matsun hpe 2019 ning hta tsun da ai.BPS-matut da ai battery n-gun mahkawng da ai hte hybrid wan jak niBESS jaw ya lu ai atsam langai hku nna lawan ai frequency hpe hkap la ai, charge hte discharge galaw ai ladat lahkawng yan hta gram lajang mai ai droop gains hte deadbands ni hpe hpaji jaw ai, shanhte a lapran hta n-gun n rawng ai galai shai lam nga ai.

BESS Frequency Tara Gara hku Bungli galaw ai: Mabyin langai, Lahkawng ngu na langai hpang langai

Laika law malawng gaw, hkang zing ai block ni hpe tsun dan ai. Hpun hku nna mabyin langai hpe hkan nang ai gaw grau akyu rawng ai. Lawu na aten masat gaw 50 Hz system ntsa 10 MW wan jak langai a matu bungli galaw da ai hkrang sumla re, dai gaw buga na droop arawn alai hpe htai ya ai - nambat ni gaw, masat da ai lam n re ai sha, malai hku nna tsun ai re.

Dai shingnip kata na lam lahkawng hpe myit dum na matu manu dan ai, hpa majaw nga yang, dai ni gaw bungli masing ni teng sha hkrat sum ai shara ni rai nga ai.

Shawng nnan, deviation-de-power galai shai ai lam. Droop mahtai hpe 1 ngu ka chye ai.n-gun mahtai=chyahkring hkring n bung ai × hkang lu ai atsam. Dai gaw, myit sawn sumru ai lam hpe sang lang dan na matu, myit sawn sumru ai lam hte seng ai matut mahkai lam rai nna, design equation n re. Teng sha galaw sa wa na matu, masat kumla masat masa, mying shamying ai n-gun npawt nhpang hpe tsun ai droop percentage, si mat ai band, rated power hta saturation, ramp limit, SOC hte nbung katsi ai kaw na hard clamps ni ra nga ai. Ga shadawn, ENTSO-E a .FCR arung arai ni hte seng ai tara masa200 mHz deviation hta FCR hpring tup jaw ai, deadband hte insensitivity hpe kahkyin gumdin ai gaw 10 mHz daram hta sha nga ra ai. Dai parameter mali - hpe madung tawn nna, n-gun yawm mat ai, n-gun yawm mat ai, n-gun yawm mat ai - ngu ai hpe chyam dinglik hpaji ninghkring langai mi teng sha jep yu na re.

Lahkawng, ahkaw ahkang garan ginhka ai lam. Control features ni a jahpan galu gaw, mahtai hpang hkrat ai shaloi kadai lit nga ai ngu ai hpe laika hti ai wa hpe hpa mung n tsun dan ai. Plant architecture law malawng hta garan ai lam gaw ndai zawn rai nga ai:

• PCS:ramp rate, zero power makau kaw hkan tam ai hkrak ai lam, n-gun n rawng ai charge- kaw nna - discharge galai shai ai lam, mara jawn ai lam - hku nna. Ndai kaw Latency gaw milliseconds daram sha rai nna, manghkang n law ai.
• Hpun hkai ai wa / EMS:droop curve, deadband, SOC hpe sharai la ai offset, stack galaw da ai magam bungli ni a lapran garan gachyan ai lam, matut mahkai lam sum mat ai lam hta akyang lailen ni nga ai. Ndai shara kaw tuning manghkang law malawng byin ai.
• BMS:cell voltage, current, nbung katsi ai hte SOC hpe madung tawn nna, kalang ta charge hte discharge galaw ai atsam a shadawn sharam ni hpe tsun dan ai. Katsi ai jahpawt hta na a contract galaw da ai atsam hpe atsin sha daw lahkawng daw kau ya lu ai.

BMS a pat shingdang ai lam hpe chyam dinglik ai aten hta grau nna, hkrang shapraw ai aten hta myit maju jung ging ai. Lithium cell ni gaw n-gun n law ai shara hta charge current hpe grai n law ai hku hkap la ai majaw, 25℃hta shim lum ai hku symmetric nga ai hpun gaw, packs ni katsi wa ai aten du hkra −5℃hta rated downward regulation hpe n lu jaw lu na re. Ahkaw ahkang lu aibattery bungli galaw ai nbung katsi ai shadawn shadanghte thermal system a hkam la lu ai atsam gaw dai majaw frequency-service hkrang shapraw ai lam a daw langai mi rai nna, hpang jahtum myit ai lam n re.

Frequency hpe hkang ai lam hte lawan ai hku bai htang ai lam: Lamu ga jarit gara kaw dung nga ai

Frequency ga si ni hpe mungkan ting hta madang masat da ai lam n nga ai, hpaga yumga galaw ai arung arai ni hpe mung shada da galai shai mai ai lam n nga ai. European system ni hta Frequency hpe pat shingdang ai, shi hkrai shi galaw ai Frequency hpe bai gram lajang ai hte lata hte galaw ai Frequency hpe bai gram lajang ai hpe lang ma ai; Nordic gat lawk ni gaw FCR hpe shingra tara-bungli galaw ai hte n hkru n kaja ai arung arai ni hku garan nna galaw ai. Dingdung Amerika na gat lawk ni hta, Primary Frequency Htai Ai Lam, Tara Up hte Down, Lawan ai Hkringmang Daju, Syncronized Reserve hte Contingency Reserve ni hpe jai lang ma ai. Lawu na zawn, function ni gaw langai hte langai hpe concept hku nna map galaw ai.

Design a akyu gaw direct rai nga ai. Contingency-style product hpe n law htum shaga ai majaw, activation langai hta n-gun kaji ai raitim, ra ai aten ladaw gaw galu ai. Matut manoi hkan tam ai tara masa signal hpe n-gun n rawng ai ngu shamying ai majaw, throughput grai law nna SOC drift gaw grau nna hkrit tsang hpa rai nga ai. MW battery langai sha gaw langai hte langai hta n bung ai jak langai mi rai nga ai.

BESS nsen n-gun hpe hkang ai, n-gun n-gun hte Telemetry

Kalang lang na htingnu gawgap ai lam gaw grid meter → hka htung hpe hkang ai (sh) EMS → hpe galaw ai.n-gun galai shai ai ladat→ battery racks ni, SCADA de lam langai sha hku bai nhtang wa ai ningmu ni hte. Dai chain a matu specification list gaw galu ai, raitim, shawng nnan-shakut ai chyam dinglik ai lam hta hkrat sum ai lam law malawng a majaw, lam masum nga ai:

1. Hpang jahtum- kaw nna-hpang jahtum aten ladaw, meter kaw na frequency excursion kaw nna, matut mahkai ai shara - kaw na power du hkra shadawn ai gaw, datasheet langai hta tsun da ai PCS mahtai aten n re. Meter hpe gram lajang ai n-gun, filter aten n galai shai ai, protocol polling lapran aten hte controller cycle aten yawng hpe shinggyin tawn da ai.
2. Deadband hte droop hkrang shapraw ai lam, dai hpe shara masum (PCS, plant controller, EMS) hta law law lang tawn da nna, dai ni hta na langai ngai hta hkrak hkrak tawn da ra ai.
3. Matut mahkai lam-sum mat ai akyang lailen, hpa majaw nga yang, operator wa chyam yu na re. Dai hka htung gaw hpang jahtum na setpoint hpe hkam la ai rai tim, zero de ramp galaw ai rai tim, local droop de bai hkrat sum ai rai tim, ga shaka hte maren lata la ai lam rai nna, dai gaw gat lawk a tara ni hte maren rai ra ai.

Masha law malawng galaw ai commissioning labau langai gaw ndai zawn rai nga ai: PCS gaw bench ntsa kaw 200 ms npu hta bai htang ai, raitim meter hpe Modbus TCP ntsa e 1 s hta poll galaw ai, controller gaw 1 s filter hte 500 ms cycle hpe galaw ai, shadawn ai plant a mahtai gaw step ngut ai hpang second lahkawng daram hta du wa ai. Inverter gaw galoi mung manghkang n byin ai. Protocol - Modbus TCP, IEC 61850, DNP3, shing nrai, bungli galaw ai wa - hpe shamying ai gaw mung n law ai; project gaw data points ni hpe gram lajang ra ai, update rates ni hpe gram lajang ra ai, hkang zing ai ahkaw ahkang hte hkrat sum ai akyang lailen ni hpe laika hku nna gram lajang ra ai.

MW vs MWh gaw Frequency hpe hkang na matu

Sizing shut ai lam hta grau sawng ai gaw, shi a MW rating hta system langai hpe mari ai lam re. MW rating gaw, wan jak gaw kalang ta kade daram n-gun bang lu ai (sh) hkap la lu ai hpe masat da ai. MWh rating gaw kade daram na hkra matut galaw lu na hpe masat da ai. lapran na shai hkat ai lam rai yang.n-gun atsam hte n-gun atsam masat masa niis still fuzzy, hpang na daw hpe n hti shi yang settle galaw u, hpa majaw nga yang lawu na yawng gaw dai ntsa e gawgap da ai arithmetic re.

Shawng nnan na matut mahkai lam gaw asan sha re:

Ra ai n-gun=tara n-gun × ra ai htaw sa ai aten

Mahtai mung galoi mung n lu na daram rai nga ai. Nameplate MWh gaw lang mai ai MWh n re, gap ai lam gaw law malawng gaw lahkawng (sh) dai hta jan ai factor rai nga ai.

Frequency hpe hkang na matu BESS hpe gara hku size galaw na

Lahkam 1: System operator majing kaw na ra ai lam hpe la u .

Kaga hpa mung n galaw shi yang, na a grid hte arung arai a matu ya aten na gat lawk laika buk hte prequalification ladat hpe la nna, shaw la u: ra ai MW hpe jat, ra ai MW hpe jahkrat ai, mahtai jaw ai aten, hkum tsup ai-activation aten, n law htum htaw sa ai aten, bai gram lajang ai aten, hkrak ai lam hte lu mai ai lam ra ai lam ni, n law htum bid size, metering hte test galaw ai ladat ni hpe shaw la u. Kaga mungdan (sh) operator kaw na ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe hkum copy - ndai gaw design galaw ai lam yawng hta manu dan dik htum-hkying hkum langai sha re.

Lahkam 2: Lam kaw na shadawn sharam shagu hpe power rating hpe masat da u .

Contract galaw da ai reserve gaw PCS ntsa hta sha hpyi shawn ai lam n re. Lahta de lung wa lu ai atsam hpe PCS n-gun dat dat ai shadawn shadang, BMS n-gun dat dat ai shadawn shadang, grid dut shabra ai shadawn shadang, transformer n-gun dat, shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun (sh) site load hku nna pat shingdang mai ai. Lawu de hkrat wa ai atsam hpe PCS charge rating, BMS charge shadawn shadang, grid import shadawn shadang, ngam ai atsam (sh) shara ra kadawn ai lam ni hku nna pat shingdang mai ai. Symmetric product langai a matu, lam lahkawng yan hpe contract galaw da ai atsam hta kalang ta lu ra ai - binding constraint gaw kadai mung n hkrang shapraw ai langai mi rai nga ai.

Step 3: Lang mai ai n-gun hpe galaw nna, nameplate de bai nhtang wa hkra galaw u .

Ndai shara kaw bungli galaw ai kasi gaw shi a keep hpe lu la ai.Lawu na sumla ni gaw ladat hpe sang lang dan na matu ga shadawn langai mi rai nga ai; shanhte gaw masat da ai lam n re ai sha, bungli galaw ai wa a shi a product tara ni n lawm ai project langai mi hta n mai lang ai.

Ra ai lam:10 MW symmetric tara masa, minit 15 tup matut manoi hkum tsup ai hku n-gun jaw ai lam langai ngai hpe galaw ai.

• Matut mahkai ai shara kaw na n-gun, maga mi de: 10 MW × 0.25 h =2.5 MWh.
• 94% daram hta pru wa ai lam (PCS, galai shai ai jak, karum shingtau ai lam): cell ni gaw 100 daram jaw ra ai.2.66 MWh.
• 94% daram hta charge lam: meter kaw 2.5 MWh hpe hkap la ai gaw2.35 MWhcell ni de shang wa ai.
• Total DC swing gaw ahkang jaw da ai window kata kaw dung ra ai:≈ 5.0 MWh- gaw naive nambat hta lahkawng lang law ai, hpa majaw nga yang symmetric product langai mi gaw shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun ra aiHteaten langai hta sha bawnu n-gun n nga ai.
• 10–90% (80% lang mai ai) ahkang jaw da ai SOC window: prat nnan hta mying jahpan 5.0 / 0.8 ≈ hta grau kaba ai (sh) maren sha re.6.3 MWh.
• ning hta 70% atsam hpe n-gun jaw ai garan gachyan ai lam, n-gun jat ai lam n nga ai: mying jahpan ≈ 5.0 / (0.8 × 0.7) ≈8.9 MWh.

Dai majaw 10 MW wan jak langai hta "15-minit" ra ai gaw, n-gun-to-power ratio hpe MW - hta 0.63 hte 0.89 MWh lapran shara langai ngai hta shapraw ya ai, n rai, 0.25 hpe bawnu jahpan hta tsun da ai. Dai hpang engineering dawdan ai lam gaw asan sha rai nga ai: shawng nnan shani hta 9 MWh daram mari la nna, capex hpe hkap la nna, grau shim ai C-rate hpe hkam sha lu na; shing nrai 6.5 MWh grup yin hpe gawgap nna, kru ning, kru ning hta jat wa na matu ga sadi jaw na. Lahkawng yan gaw makawp maga mai ai. N mai makawp maga ai lam gaw 2.5 MWh hpe quote galaw ai lam re. 1990 ning hta, 40℃ambient hpe ngang grin hkra galaw ai gaw, jai lang mai ai atsam hpe jahten kau nna, karum shingtau lit hpe jat shangun na re, dai kaw na pru wa ai lit gaw, hpa majaw .katsi ai ladat lata aigaw, jak rung hku nna hkrak tup tsun ai hta grau nna, frequency-tara masa dawdan ai lam re.

Lahkam 4: SOC window hpe myit mada let lata la u .

Hkamja lam hte seng nna, ahkang jaw da ai ginra a lapran makau na target gaw, lahkawng maga de galai shai wa lu ai atsam hpe makawp maga ya ai, symmetric product a matu mung, dai gaw, n-gun rawng ai npawt nhpang rai nga ai. Tara n re ai sha, npawt nhpang langai mi re. Tengman ai yaw shada lam gaw labau hta byin ai signal bias, service asymmetry, n-gun atsam hpe gram lajang ai tara ni, chemistry, garan gachyan ai lam ni, kaga stacked application ni hte myit mada da ai grau sawng ai-mabyin masa aten ladaw ni hte galai shai mat wa ai. Controller wa gaw, target hpe dynamic hku nna gram lajang ra ai; n-gun jaw ai shaloi, masat da ai tsa lam shadang hard-coded gaw, hpang jahtum-asak hkrung lam hta n-gun n rawng ai lam a chye da ai npawt nhpang re.

Lahkam 5: Hten za ai lam hte jahtum-a-asak hkrung lam hpe mung lawm ai

Nnan pru wa ai shaloi ra kadawn ai lam hpe hkan sa ai hpun gaw, kru ning hta hkrat sum mat chye ai. Sizing model gaw calendar asak kaba wa ai, cycle hkawm ai asak kaba wa ai, nbung katsi ai lam hpe hkam sha ai lam, myit mada da ai n-gun atsam, shadawn shadang SOC, C-rate, garan gachyan ai shadawn sharam, augmentation masing hte - ahkyak ai hku nna - gaw ga sadi laika hta tsun da ai hte maren asan sha jahtum -of{5}}a prat hpe galaw lu na matu ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe ra sharawng ai.

Lahkam 6: Tengman ai data hpe shingdaw nna shingdaw yu u

Representative frequency (sh) dispatch data hpe shingdaw nna shingdaw ai lam gaw kam mai dik ai hkrang shapraw ladat rai nga ai, raitim, hpaji jaw ai lam gaw shi a parameters n lawm yang manu n dan ai. Defensible sawk sagawn ai lam hta gara labau hte seng ai dataset hpe lang ai hte gara horizon hta lang ai, sample hkam la ai aten ladaw, shawng nnan na SOC hte recentring policy, hkap la ai masat masa ni, hkam sha lam ni hpe tsun da ai. Akyu rawng ai kaji dik htum: n yawm htum shata shi lahkawng na hkra, operator a shapraw ai signal hpe shi a native resolution hta, shawng nnan na SOC manu law law kaw nna run galaw ai, hkrat sum ai lam hpe, plant gaw gara maga de mung, ga sadi tawn da ai power hpe n lu jaw ai aten ladaw langai ngai hku nna lachyum shaleng da ai. Shata shagu na shadawn shadang gaw, nang hpe availability gumhpraw jaw ra ai window kadun ni hpe hkrak makoi da na re.

SOC hpe chyahkring hkring bai htang na matu hparan hpareng ai lam

Regulation gaw battery hpe shi a yaw shada ai shara kaw na tsan mat shangun ai. Controller wa gaw recentring ladat ra ai: mabyin masa ni a lapran hta charge (sh) discharge hpe loi loi hte galaw ai, regulation command hpe offset galaw ai, shing nrai, bungli galaw ai shara hpe bai gram lajang na matu n-gun atsam gat lawk hta hpaga yumga galaw ai. Yaw shada ai lam gaw symmetric - frequency hkrat ai shaloi shapraw na matu law law shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun, rawt wa ai shaloi charge galaw na matu law law shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun re.

Dai arawn alai hkrat sum ai lam gaw saturation re. Tatut hta ndai zawn rai nga ai: n-gun n rawng ai bias kaji langai mi gaw SOC hpe shana de du hkra ntsa de hkawm sa wa ai; 85% du hkra hpun gaw hkrat sum ai tara hpe tup hkrak n hkap la lu sai; operator a bungli galaw ai masat masa gaw hkrat sum mat nna, dai masat masa hpe ga sadi tawn da ai atsam yawng hpe jai lang ai majaw, shang gumhpraw sum ai lam gaw, dai hta lawm ai n-gun atsam hta grau kaba ai. Hpa mung n hkrat sum ai. Alarm n shapraw ai. Design gaw signal hpe n-gun-neutral ngu sha sawn la ai.

Ga shadawn, PJM gaw, lawan ai RegD signal hpe n-gun yawm ai RegA signal hte rau jaw ya ai, lawan ai arung arai ni a matu n-gun n rawng ai lam gaw, masat da ai hta grau nna, masat da ai tara ni hte ya na signal hkrang shapraw ai lam gaw 2010 hta nga ai.PJM Laika Buk 12: Rap ra ai magam bungli ni, hte labau signal data ni hpe shapraw ai. Dai data hpe sali wunli hkam la na malai, dai data hte shingdaw nna sawn la ai lam hpe chyam yu u. Continental Europe hta mung dai zawn re ai manghkang hpe asan sha hparan ma ai: ENTSO-E gaw battery ni hpe shadawn sharam-n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-gun n-rawng ai SOC-hpaji masa hpe jat bang nna, prequalification hta ka da ai, dai zawn re ai unit du minutes laman n-gun n-rawng ai aten ladaw hpe ra sharawng ai.

Tara upadi lit npu hta Battery hten za ai lam

Frequency regulation ngu ai gaw kaji kajaw, ayan shamu shamawt ai lam law law hpe tsun mayu ai. Dai kaw na pru wa ai n-gun yawng gaw, n-gun atsam yawng hpe shapraw lu ai atsam, shingjawng ai lam langai hte langai a sung htum ai lam, charge hte discharge rate, cell a katsi ai lam, SOC shadawn shadang, SOC shadawn shadang makau kaw aten la ai lam, katsi ai atsam, chemistry hte calendar asak hta madung nga ai.

Shallow regulation cycles ni gaw, bai kahtap nna sung ai de pru wa ai hta, unit of throughput hta grau n-gun ja ai, raitim dai gaw, n-gun n rawng ai, kam hpa ai lam n re, manghkang hpe n yu n hkan galaw na matu n re: NREL acell prat hpe hkrang shapraw ai bunglin-gun n-gun shayawm ai lam hpe madun dan ai, n-gun shayawm ai lam, C-rate, n-gun shayawm ai lam a sung ai lam hte charge a masa ni a majaw rau jawm galaw ai, cell ni hpe gara hku shingjawng ai hpe n sawn ai sha, calendar-aging mechanisms ni matut manoi nga ai. Upward regulation hpe n-gun jaw na matu SOC grai tsaw ai hte nbung katsi ai shara hta tawn da ai battery gaw, katsi katsang re ai shani hta pyi asak kaba wa nga ai. Laksan bungli masing langai a matu jaw ai npawt nhpang ni gaw, cell (sh) system jaw ai wa a shi a prat masa ni hte, garan gachyan ai lam hpe rau hti yu ai.

Sut masa hkrang gaw galai shai ai (sh) jat ai manu, garan gachyan ai lam, round-trip sum ai lam, katsi ai n-gun, n lu ai atsam, bungli galaw ai lam hpe ari jaw ai lam hte SOC hpe bai gram lajang ai n-gun ni hpe gun hpai ra ai. Lawan ai hku bai htang ai ngu ai gaw, bungli galaw ai manu n law ai ngu ai lachyum n re.

Frequency tara masa a matu shawng nnan sharin hkam la ai lam hte bungli galaw ai lam hpe chyam dinglik ai lam

Sut masa frequency service law malawng gaw, gat lawk hta n shang lawm shi yang, madun dan ra ai. Testing gaw, mahtai jaw ai lam hpe jahkring kau ai, ramp rate, n-gun n-gun, hkan tam ai lam hkrak ai, ntsa de hte lawu de hkrat wa ai atsam, SOC hpe hparan ai lam, telemetry, lu mai ai lam, activation galaw ngut ai hpang bai hkam kaja wa ai lam hte matut mahkai lam sum mat ai aten na akyang lailen ni hpe jep joi ai lam ni hpe madung tawn nna galaw ai.

Hkrang langai mi hpe asan sha tsun dan ai, hpa majaw nga yang, dai lam hpe ayan na garan kachyan ai majaw:FERC a matsun masat . 841100 kW hta n jan ai n law htum n-gun atsam, n-gun atsam hte karum shingtau magam bungli ni hpe hpaji masa hku nna jaw ya lu ai atsam, n-gun atsam hte karum shingtau magam bungli ni hpe jaw ya lu ai shanglawm ai hkrang ni hpe US RTOs hte ISOs ni hpe gaw gap na matu ra sharawng ai. Dai gawgat lawk-shang lu na hkrang masa. Dai gaw chyam dinglik laika buk, mahtai- aten masat masa, telemetry ladat (sh) prequalification checklist n re. Dai ni gaw nang - hpe chyam yu ai shani hta hkan sa ai langai hkrai a RTO (sh) ISO gat lawk laika buk kaw na pru wa nna, shanhte galai shai mat ai. Ya na document hpe lu la u, ya na revision hta, design hpe n freeze galaw shi yang.

Kaga magam bungli ni hte rau Frequency tara hpe shinggyin tawn da ai

BESS langai gaw, n-gun atsam arbitrage hte tara masa hpe law law lang kayau kaya galaw lu ai,tsaw dik ai bawnu, ra kadawn ai-charge shayawm ai, bai gram lajang mai ai n-gun atsam, atsam magam bungli ni, backup, voltage madi shadaw ai (sh) n-gun shayawm ai lam hpe hkang ai. Stacking gaw jai lang ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai, raitim, service ni gaw n-gun, n-gun atsam hte SOC headroom langai sha a matu shingjawng nga ai: arbitrage gaw battery hpe grai hpring hkra tawn da ya lu ai majaw, npu de hkrat wa ai tara masa hpe lu la na matu; backup reserve gaw gat lawk shingnip kaw na n-gun hpe shaw la ai; peak shaving gaw PCS atsam hpe aten ladaw langai hta sha jai lang lu ai. EMS gaw ga shaka hte seng ai ahkyak ai lam, myit mada da ai manu, battery masa hte hkrit tsang hpa - hpe ninghkap nna garan jaw ra ai rai nna, marai langai ngai gaw, shanhte hkrat sum ai shaloi gara service sum mat na hpe tau hkrau dawdan ra ai.

Aggregation gaw portfolio madang hta mung dai zawn re ai myit masa hpe hkan sa ai. Virtual power plant gaw garan gachyan ai battery ni, EV charger ni hte flexible loads ni hpe hkang lu ai arung arai langai hku nna madun dan ai, dai gaw arung arai kaji ni hpe hpaga lam hta akyu rawng hkra galaw ya ai raitim, hpaji masa ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe n shapraw kau ya ai: portfolio gaw ga sadi tawn da ai power hpe hkrak hkrak jaw ya ra ai, jep chyoi ai shadawn shadang hte hkang zing da ai matut mahkai lam hpe jahkring kau ra ai. US wholesale shanglawm na matu, seng ang ai policy hook gaw .FERC a matsun masat . 2222garan gachyan ai n-gun atsam shinggyin la ai lam ni hta, Order 841 n re.

Shut ai lam kru gaw law law lang -Tara masa bungli masing ni a gumhpraw hpe jahten kau ya ai

• MW hta sha sizing galaw ai.Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun n law ai -power PCS gaw, n-gun n law ai lang mai ai PCS gaw, n-gun n rawng ai sha, SOC shadawn sharam hpe hkra ai.
• Nameplate MWh hpe lu ai n-gun hku nna hkam la ai.SOC window, hkrat sum ai lam, sum mat ai lam ni hte reserved functions ni gaw, magam bungli a matu, dai hta na daw mi daram sha ngam nga ai.
• Lawu tsang tara hpe malap kau ai.Battery hpring ai gaw, n-gun grau law ai hpe n lu hkam la ai. Katsi ai atsam gaw sutgan langai mi re.
• Signal hpe n-gun-neutral ngu sawn la ga.Dai hpe operator wa shapraw da ai labau hte seng nna chyam yu u, dai hpe n-gun jaw ai lam hpe n-re ai sha.
• Datasheet kaw na mahtai jaw ai aten hpe mari la ai.Chyam dinglik ai n-gun gaw, jahtum- kaw nna-hpang jahtum hpun a mahtai rai nna, metering plus protocol delay gaw dai hpe uphkang ai.
• Degradation n galaw ai sha shang gumhpraw hpe model galaw ai.Gross market revenue gaw, n-gun, charge galaw ai n-gun, sum ai lam, ari jaw ai lam hte lu la mai ai lam ni hpe dawm kau ai shaloi, project a akyu n re.

BESS a chyahkring hkring tara masa mari ai lam hpe jep joi ai lam

Checklist a manu gaw gara lam ni hpe tinang nan hparan ra ai hpe chye ai lam re. Dai hku group galaw ai:

Ndai ni hpe RFQ - garai n galaw shi yang gram lajang u, shanhte gaw jak hpe lachyum shaleng ya ai

• Yaw shada ai mungdan, grid galaw ai wa hte laksan chyahkring hkring - daw jau ai arung arai
• Ra ai MW ntsa hte MW lawu, hte dai arung arai gaw symmetric re ai kun
• Ra ai htaw sa ai aten hte -hkum tsup ai aten
• Grid matut mahkai wan n-gun, galai shai ai jak hte galai shai ai jak a shadawn sharam
• Prequalification chyam dinglik ladat hte lu la na matu kam hpa ai lam
• Kaga gara magam bungli ni hpe mung, shanhte a ahkyak ai ladat hte maren, shinggyin la na

Ndai ni gaw manu hpe arung arai hku nna htawt sit ya ai - shanhte hpe myit dum let dawdan ai

• Laksan lang mai ai MWh hte ahkang jaw da ai SOC bungli galaw ai ginra
• -a prat a npawt nhpang- hte -asak a atsam hpe kam hpa mai ai jahtum-
• PCS matut manoi hte grai law hkra hkam la ai
• Battery chemistry, katsi ai ladat hte grup yin hpe hkrang shapraw ai
• Battery garan gachyan ai lam hte n-gun atsam shadawn sharam; jat wa na masing
• Wan -shim lum lam hte buga code ra ai lam ni

Supplier wa ndai lam ni hpe tang madun u, dai hpang bai maram yu u

• EMS hte plant-hkang ai magam bungli hpe garan nna, BMS shadawn sharam shiga jaw ai
• SCADA tara masa, jahpan shara ni, sample hte telemetry hkrang shapraw ai lam
• Tsaw ai shara kaw na jep chyoi ai lam, spares hte O&M ginra

Ndai ni gaw n chye na ai sha tawn da ai shaloi galai shai ai lam ni hpe shabyin ya ai

• Mahtai- aten lachyum - gara kaw, kadai a chyam dinglik ai hku nna shadawn ai
• Matut mahkai lam-sum mat ai akyang lailen
• SOC recentring n-gun hte de a manu hpe kadai madu ai
• Hkai sun (sh) portfolio madang hta lu mai ai lam hpe shadawn ai kun

Ndai zawn re ai lam ni hpe dawdan ai gaw, garan jaw ai ni hpe generic langai hpe manu jahpu jaw na malai, teng man ai daw jau ai lam hpe ninghkap nna quote galaw shangun ai lam rai nga ai.hka htung kaw bang da ai battery ladathte bungli galaw hpang ai aten hta gap hkat ai lam hpe mu tam ai lam ni hpe galaw ai.

Galoi mung san ai ga san ni

BESS gaw frequency n bung ai hpe kade daram lawan ai hku bai htang lu na kun?

PCS hkum nan gaw second langai mi laman hta sha bai htang ai. Chyam dinglik hkrum ai hpun a mahtai gaw grau katsi ai, hpa majaw nga yang, meter hpe gram lajang ai aten, hka ja ai lam, protocol hpe sawk sagawn ai lam hte controller cycle aten hpe jat bang ai - second lahkawng hpe jahtum kaw nna jahtum du hkra n gram lajang ai hpun langai hta law law lang byin ai. Product ra ai lam ni gaw n bung ai: ENTSO-E a Continental Europe tara ni hta FCR hpe frequency step langai ngut ai hpang second lahkawng hta n-galaw ai sha galaw hpang nna, 200 mHz deviation hta second 30 laman hta hkum tsup ai hku galaw hpang ra ai, kaga gat lawk ni gaw grai shai ai profile ni hpe masat da ai.

Frequency-tara BESS langai mi hta MWh kade ra ai kun?

Power × aten ladaw hta grau law ai. 15-minit hta shalai ya ra ai symmetric 10 MW arung arai langai a matu, lawu na ga shadawn masat masa gaw, prat nnan hta 6.3 MWh daram hte, prat htum ai shaloi ra kadawn ai lam hpe jat bang ai lam n galaw ai sha, 8.9 MWh lapran hta du nga ai - naive formulah kaw nna. Multiplier gaw, shinggyin tawn da ai n-gun hte bawnu shara lahkawng yan hpe ra ai kaw na pru wa ai, 100% n re ai SOC window, galai shai ai lam sum ai hte atsam yawm mat ai.

Frequency hpe hkang na matu gara state of charge hpe lang ai kun?

Symmetric service a matu, ahkang jaw da ai window a lapran makau kaw, dai majaw maga lahkawng yan hpe mai lang ai. Tengman ai yaw shada ai lam gaw, signal bias, service asymmetry, chemistry, garan gachyan ai masa ni hte gara stack galaw da ai magam bungli ni hpe mung - n-gun ja ai hku n rai, n-gun ja ai -coded nambat hku nna shamu shamawt ra ai.

Frequency hkang ai n-gun-n-gun n-rawng ai kun?

Kam mai ai hku n re. Signal nkau mi gaw, window kadun laman hta neutrality de shingjawng na matu galaw da ai rai nna, market nkau mi gaw dai shingjawng ai lam hpe conditional hku galaw ai. Persistent bias gaw SOC saturation a shingra tara lam re majaw, dai sawn la ai lam hpe n galaw shi yang, operator a shapraw da ai labau signal hte chyam yu ra ai.

Frequency hpe hkang ai gaw battery ni hpe hkra machyi shangun ai kun?

Gara lit zawn, shanhte hpe asak kaba shangun ai. Shallow, chyahkring hkring cycle galaw ai gaw, bai nhtang galaw ai deep discharge hta na, MWh langai hta grau n-gun n rawng ai, raitim, n-gun yawng, C-rate, nbung katsi ai hte shadawn shadang SOC yawng gaw n-gun yawm mat nna, calendar aging gaw hpa n sawn ai sha matut manoi nga ai. Sut masa lam hta ahkyak ai ga san gaw, n-gun yawm wa ai kun ngu ai n re ai sha, dai lit gaw, garan gachyan ai throughput envelope kata kaw sha nga nga ai kun ngu ai lam rai nga ai.

BESS langai mi gaw frequency hpe hkang ai hte backup galaw lu na kun?

Hkum hkrang hku nna gaw rai nga ai, 2019 ning hta ra kadawn ai lam langai mung rai nga ai.utility-hpun jak bungli masing ni. Raitim, shinggyin tawn da ai backup n-gun gaw gat lawk de n lu la ai, shinggyin tawn da ai gaw tara upadi magam bungli lang mai ai SOC window hpe shayawm kau ya ai. Lit lahkawng yan a matu size hpe asan sha tsun dan nna, manghkang byin ai shaloi gara langai hpe ap kau na hpe tau hkrau dawdan u.

Gadun dawk

BESS frequency tara gaw, ra kadawn ai lam n bung ai hpe htai ya ai hku nna, lawan ai hku charge (sh) jahkrat kau ai hku nna grid hpe ngang grin shangun ai. Lawan ai, lahkawng maga de hkawm sa lu ai hte hkan tam ai hkrak ai lam ni gaw tengman ai akyu ni rai nna, dai ni gaw bungli masing hpe hkrak hkra galaw na matu loi dik ai daw mung rai nga ai.

Hpang jahtum dawdan ai daw ni gaw, SOC window kata na jai lang mai ai n-gun atsam, shadawn shadang hte hkang zing ai lam a jahtum-to-hpang jahtum latency, SOC ladat gaw, n tara ai signal hpe lai di lu ai, shaning shi ning laman hta ga sadi hpe naw hkan sa ai hkrat sum ai hkrang, hte market manual hpe ninghkap nna, ac galaw na hpe n-gun jaw ai design langai rai nga ai. Operator a ya na specification hpe lu la nna, tsun da ai sawn la ai lam ni hte hkap la ai masat masa ni hte simulation hpe galaw nna, margin ni hta nambat ni hpe bang da u. Dai gaw, BESS atsam marai langai kaw nna, ga sadi -jin jin rai sai bungli masing langai de, frequency tara masa hpe galai shai kau ya ai lam rai nga ai.