C&I n-gun shinggyin ai lam gaw, n-gun n law ai aten hta bai gram lajang mai ai wan n-gun (sh) grid kaw na wan n-gun hpe rim la nna, hpaga lam ni hta n-gun grau ra ai aten hta shapraw kau ai. Ndai masa gaw, lithium-ion battery ni hpe n-gun galai shai ai masa ni hte hpaw nna, direct current hpe jai lang mai ai alternating current de galai shai ya ai, hpaji rawng ai hparan hpareng software hku nna, aten tengman ai wan n-gun manu hte shara ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe madung tawn nna, charge galaw ai aten hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai.
Madung bungli galaw ai ladat
Shi a npawt nhpang hta, c&i n-gun shinggyin ai lam gaw, shada da matut mahkai ai hardware hte software daw ni hku nna hparan ai matut manoi charge-discharge cycle hku nna bungli galaw nga ai. Wan manu ni gaw off-peak hours-ga shadawn 10 PM hte 6 AM lapran hta hkrat sum mat ai shaloi-dai system gaw grid kaw na wan n-gun hpe shi hkrai shi shaw la ai (sh) on-site solar panel ni kaw na grau law ai wan n-gun hpe rim la ai. Battery cell ni gaw ndai n-gun hpe electrochemical hku nna shinggyin tawn da ai rai nna, lithium-ion hpaji masa gaw 8,000+ cycle prat galu ai hte 95% sung ai hku n-gun dat dat lu ai atsam a majaw gat lawk hpe uphkang nga ai.
Dai lamik kumla gaw, ra kadawn ai aten ni hta byin pru wa ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun atsam ni law wa nna, wan n-gun manu ni rawt jat wa ai hte maren, Power Conversion System gaw n-gun atsam hpe bai nhtang wa shangun ai. Dai gaw, shinggyin tawn da ai DC wan hpe, hpaga yumga galaw ai jak ni ra ai hkrak tup ai voltage hte frequency hta, AC wan n-gun de bai galai shai ya ai. Ndai discharge process gaw grid wan n-gun gaw tau hkrau masat da ai manu jahpu hpe lai mat wa ai shaloi (sh) manu dan ai ra kadawn ai lam hpe shabyin ya lu ai madang de du wa ai shaloi, n-gun rawng wa ai.
Dai ni na prat na masa ni gaw ndai ka manawt ai lam hpe shinggyim masha ni n shang lawm ai sha galaw ma ai. N-gun atsam hparan hpareng ai ladat ni gaw, tengman ai-ten hta lang ai shara hta n-gun rawng ai lam, ya aten na wan n-gun manu jahpu, hte battery a n-gun rawng ai lam ngu ai data stream masum hpe matut manoi sawk sagawn ai. Machine learning algorithms gaw labau hte seng ai shiga ni, nbung laru hpe tau hkrau tsun ai, bungli galaw ai aten ladaw ni hpe madung tawn nna, jai lang ai lam ni hpe tau hkrau tsun dan ai. Ga shadawn, galaw shapraw ai shift lahkawng galaw ai galaw shapraw ai rung langai mi gaw, shana aten hta shi a system gaw shi hkum shi charge byin wa nna, ra kadawn ai charge ni law wa ai shaloi, 2 PM kaw nna 7 PM du hkra peak window aten hta strategically discharge galaw ai hpe mu lu ai.
Battery tawn da ai nta gawgap ai lam
Gara c&i n-gun shinggyin ai ladat a hkum hkrang myit masin gaw, cell langai hkrai latsa jan hpe tawn da ai battery rack ni lawm ai. Sut masa lam hta jai lang ai shara law malawng gaw, lithium-ion amyu myu hpe n lang ai sha, lithium magri phosphate (LiFePO4) chemistry hpe jai lang ma ai. Ndai lata la ai lam gaw shimlam hpe ahkyak shatai ai lam ni hpe madun dan ai-LiFePO4 cells ni gaw grau kaja ai nbung n-gun hpe madun dan nna kaga lithium hpaji masa ni hpe hkra machyi shangun ai nbung n-gun hprawng mat wa na hkrit tsang hpa ni hpe yeng seng kau ya lu ai.
250 kWh n-gun rawng ai cabinet langai hta battery module 16 lawm nna, module langai hta 38.4V nominal voltage hpe jaw na matu lajang da ai Ah cell 148 lawm ai. Ndai module ni gaw langai hkrai n galaw ai. Battery Management System gaw, second mi hta wan hku law ai sensor hti ai lam ni hku nna, cell shagu a n-gun, n-gun n-gun, n-gun n-gun ni hpe yu maram nga ai. Battery ni a asak kaba wa ai hte maren, cell voltage ni garan mat wa ai shaloi-n mai koi yen ai -BMS gaw array ting hta charge madang ni hpe maren mara shabyin ya ai balancing circuit ni hpe galaw ya ai.
Temperature hpe hkang ai lam gaw bungli galaw ai system ni hpe hkrat sum ai lam ni kaw na garan ginhka ya ai. Battery ni gaw 15℃hte 35℃lapran hta kaja dik htum bungli galaw lu ai. Ndai ginra shinggan de gaw, atsam yawm mat nna, hkrat sum ai lam grau lawan wa ai. Nbung-katsi ai ladat ni gaw 500 kWh npu na installation ni a matu bungli galaw ai, nbung katsi ai hpe battery cabinet ni hku nna nbung katsi ai sensor ni hpe htang ya ai variable-speed fan ni hpe lang nna shinggrup ai. Grau kaba ai shara ni hta, hka hpe katsi shangun ai, battery module ni hta hkrak sha jung da ai katsi ai plate ni hku nna glycol kayau ai hpe pump galaw ai. California kaw 2 MWh sutdek langai mi hpe jung da ai gaw, cooling system a n-gun hpe yawng shinggyin la lu ai atsam hta na 3% daram sha jai lang ai lam hpe tsun dan ai-battery a prat hpe 10 ning kaw nna 15 ning du hkra jat wa na matu manu dan ai hpaga lam re.
Wan sat ai lam gaw hpang jahtum na ahkyak ai shimlam layer hpe madi madun ai. Dai ni na aten na c&i n-gun shinggyin tawn da ai cabinet ni hta, wan hkut (sh) nbung katsi ai lam n bung ai hpe mu ai shaloi, second masum laman hta bungli galaw wa ai aerosol wan sat ai ladat ni hpe hpawng de da ai. Ndai masa ni gaw cabinet langai hta $15,000 daram manu jahpu jaw ra ai raitim, manu dan ai nta-bungli hka garan ai jak ni hpe galai shai ra ai lam hpe n galaw ra ai sha, n rai yang, bungli masing a manu hta $200,000+ jat bang lu na re.
Power galai shai ai ladat ni hpe sang lang dan ai
Power Conversion System gaw DC battery hpe shinggyin tawn da ai hte AC shara hta n-gun dat ai lam lapran hta lapran salang hku nna magam gun nga ai. PCS cabinet langai hpra a kata kaw, DC n-gun hpe second mi hta kalang hkying hkum law law galai shai ya ai, n-gun n rawng ai gate bipolar transistor (IGBTs) ni lawm ai inverter module ni dung nna, AC n-gun hpe n-gun rawng ai hku galaw shapraw ya ai. High-end system ni gaw maga lahkawng yan hta 97% galai shai ai atsam hpe lu la ai, lachyum gaw galai shai ai shaloi n-gun 3% sha katsi ai hku nna hkoi mat wa ai.
Bi-directional atsam gaw dai ni na aten na PCS htingnu gawgap ai lam hpe tsun dan ai. Charge galaw ai shaloi grid AC hpe battery DC de galai kau ya ai hardware langai sha, discharge cycle ni a matu shi a bungli hpe bai nhtang galaw ya ai. Ndai hkrang gaw, garan tawn da ai rectifier hte inverter unit ni hte shingdaw yang, jak rung a manu hte hkum hkrang n-gun hpe shayawm ya lu ai. 500 kW PCS gaw npu square metre 2 daram hpe zing la nna, 800 kg-hkum hkrang n-gun rawng ai majaw, wan jak nta law malawng hta jung na matu n-gun n rawng ai.
Grid hpe hkrak hkrak hkang ra ai. Hpa majaw nga yang, PCS gaw 1% laman na grid voltage amplitude, 0.1 Hz laman na frequency, 5℃laman na phase angle ni hpe shingdaw ra ai. Dai ni na aten na system ni gaw ndai synchronization hpe millisecond 100 npu hta galaw lu ai majaw, grid hkrat sum ai aten hta n-gun n rawng ai backup power galai shai ai lam ni hpe galaw lu ai. Utility power hkrat sum mat ai shaloi, PCS gaw voltage hkrat sum ai hpe mu nna, grid kaw na automatic transfer switch ni hku nna dawm kau nna, jak law malawng gaw n-gun n-nga ai hpe n-ka da shi yang, ahkyak ai lit ni de power hpe bai-bai gram lajang ya ai.
Harmonic n kaja ai lam gaw power quality a matu ahkyak ai. N kaja ai hku galaw da ai inverter ni gaw, shara kaw na wiring ni hta harmonic current ni hpe bang ya ai majaw, motor ni grai katsi mat nna, hkam sha chye ai electronic ni hpe mung n kaja hkra galaw kau ya ai. Quality PCS unit ni gaw 3% npu na total harmonic n kaja ai lam hpe n-gun jaw ai, grid power quality hte bung ai (sh) grau ai. Shanhte gaw ndai hpe grau nna shim lum ai AC shingdaw ai lam ni hpe galaw ya ai rawt jat galu kaba wa ai galai shai ai ladat ni hte -madang law law na galai shai ai topologies ni hku nna galaw lu ma ai.
N-gun atsam hparan hpareng ai ladat hpaji
EMS gaw bungli galaw ai bawnu hku nna bungli galaw nna, hpaga lam a yaw shada lam ni hpe moment-by-moment hkang zing ai dawdan lam ni de gale ya ai. 5-second lapran hta, system gaw battery hpe charge galaw na, discharge galaw na, idle galaw na ngu ai hpe ahkyak ai lam ni hpe madung tawn nna jep joi ai lam galaw ai. Demand charge management gaw grau tsaw ai shara kaw nga ai-minit 15 na peak langai hpe koi ai gaw, shata shagu $3,000 kaw nna $8,000 du hkra, nta rung a matu gumhpraw jahpu hpe hkoi ya lu ai.
Forecasting algorithms ni gaw, rawt jat galu kaba wa ai c&i n-gun shinggyin ai ladat ni hpe madung galaw sa wa ai lam ni hte garan ginhka ya ai. Demand spikes byin wa ai hpang, dai hpe bai htang na malai, tau hkrau tsun ai hkrang masa ni gaw hkying hkum law law tau hkrau myit mada da ai. Texas mungdaw na data center langai gaw, nbung laru tau hkrau tsun ai hpe jai lang nna, katsi ai n-gun ni hpe tau hkrau tsun dan ai, nbung laru sawk sagawn ai jahpan ni gaw, shana de nbung katsi ai lam 95℃F jan na re ngu tsun ai shaloi, battery ni hpe pre-discharge galaw ai.
-lang ai aten- hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai gaw kaga gumhpraw hkoi ai layer langai mi hpe jat bang ya ai. EMS gaw, du na hkying hkum 24-48 laman na wan manu jahpan ni hpe shinggyin tawn da nna, dai hpang kaja dik htum charge-discharge window ni hpe sawn la ai. On-peak hte super-off-peak aten lapran manu ni 400% galai shai wa ai shaloi (California gat lawk ni hta law law lang byin ai), asan sha galaw ai arbitrage pyi, manu dan ai akyu ni hpe lu la shangun ai. Hpaga lam galaw ai shara langai mi gaw, manu jahpu shayawm ai lam hte garan nna, manu jahpu shayawm ai lam kaw nna sha, shaning shagu $47,000 hkoi shap lu ai lam tsun ai.
Renewable generation hte hpawng de na matu n-gun atsam law law a lapran hta jawm galaw ra ai. Solar galaw shapraw ai lam gaw, n kaja ai manu hte grid de dut shabra ai hta, n-gun grau law ai hpe battery shingbyi shara de matsun ya ai. Shana de jan a n-gun yawm wa ai hte maren-grid wan n-gun manu grau hpu wa ai aten hta-dai system gaw battery discharge de asan sha galai shai wa ai. Ndai self- jai lang ai lam hpe grau law hkra galaw ai gaw, hpaga yumga galaw ai nta langai hta jan a ROI hpe 34% jat ya nna, 8.5 ning kaw nna 5.7 ning de hka wa ai aten hpe kadun shangun ai.
Peak shading jak hpaji
Demand charges gaw, billing aten shagu hta minit 15 daram n-gun grau law hkra jai lang ai majaw, shara ni hpe ari jaw ai. Minit 15 laman sha ra kadawn ai lam hpe 800 kW kaw nna 1,100 kW de shadut ya ai arung arai langai mi hpe hpaw hpang ai spike gaw, dai shata na gumhpraw jahpu hta $40/kW ra kadawn ai manu hte $12,000 jat bang ya lu ai. C&I n-gun shinggyin ai lam gaw ndai manu dan ai peak ni hpe strategic discharge hku nna yeng seng kau ya ai.
Ndai lam gaw, labau hta ra kadawn ai lam a 85% hpe ra sharawng ai yaw shada lam- hpe gawgap ai kaw nna hpang wa ai. Facility jai lang ai lam ndai threshold de du wa ai shaloi, EMS gaw battery discharge hpe matsun nna, yaw shada ai hta jan nna ra ai incremental power hpe jaw ya ai. 950 kW hpe hkam la ai welding bungli langai gaw, battery gaw 150 kW hpe garum ya lu nna, grid import hpe 800 kW de shadawn sharam da ya lu na re. Ndai shara gaw bungli galaw ai lam hta hkra machyi ai lam n nga ai; jak rung yawng gaw ra ai n-gun hpe lu la ai, grid hte battery kayau ai kaw na sha lu la ai.
Tengman ai-mungkan hta galaw sa wa ai lam ni gaw, gumhpraw hte seng nna grai hkra machyi ai lam hpe madun dan nga ai. Midwest kaw na galaw shapraw ai shara kaba langai mi hta 5 MW / 10 MWh system hpe jung da ai majaw shata shagu ra ai manu jahpu $50,000 jan ra ai. Post-install galaw ai hpang sawk sagawn ai shaloi, ra kadawn ai manu hpe 35% shayawm ya lu ai, dai gaw $500,000+ shaning shagu hkoi shap lu ai hpe ga gale ya ai. Ndai bungli masing a matu yawng $ wan 2.8 jai lang nna, lu mai ai n-gun jaw ai lam ni gaw $600,000 daram rai nna, ndai shara gaw 4.4 ning tup hka wa na aten hpe lu la ai.
Dai ladat gaw, load hpe hkrak tup tau hkrau tsun dan ra ai. System ni gaw second shagu facility power draw hpe yu nna, ya aten na lam ni hpe labau masa ni hte shingdaw yu ai. Load jat wa ai rate gaw, lawan ladan ra kadawn ai threshold hpe tawt lai na hpe tsun ai shaloi, battery gaw tau hkrau nna discharge galaw hpang wa ai. Ndai myit mada ai ladat gaw, n-gun n rawng ai hku hkang ai hta grau akyu rawng ai hpe sakse madun dan ai, field studies ni hku nna, peak demand hpe 8-12% jat nna shayawm ya lu ai.
Bai gram lajang mai ai n-gun atsam hpe hpawng de ai lam
C&i n-gun shinggyin ai lam hpe jan a nhtoi htoi ai ladat ni hte kayau kaya galaw ai gaw, sutgan lahkawng yan a manu hpe jat ya ai bungli galaw ai lam hta shada da karum shingtau hkat ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai. Solar n-gun dat shapraw ai lam gaw, shara law law hta n-gun n-gun n law ai aten hta, shana de n-gun grau law wa ai majaw, grid dut shabra ai lam hpe shayawm kau ai (sh) manu n law ai -dep kau ai lam ni byin wa ai. Battery shingbyi shara gaw ndai law htum galaw shapraw ai hpe shana aten hta jan a n-gun zero de hkrat sum mat tim, shara bungli ni matut galaw nga ai aten hta jai lang na matu shinggyin la lu ai.
Sut masa lam gaw, grai ahkyak ai late-day loads nga ai shara ni a matu grai ahkyak wa ai. 24/7 bungli galaw ai katsi ai shara gaw shani shagu jahpawt hkying 10 hte shana hkying 2 lapran hta 2,000 kWh jan n-gun grau law hkra shapraw lu na re. Hkringmang daju n lawm yang, ndai n-gun gaw $0.03/kWh wholesale manu hte grid de dut shabra ai. PM kaw nna 9 PM aten laman hta, dut mari manu $0.32/kWh du wa ai shaloi, hka shapraw na matu shinggyin tawn da ai hku nna, dai shara gaw dai 2 MWh shani shagu na shingjawng ai lam a matu, shani shagu $0.29/kWh manu -$580 (sh) shaning shagu $212,000 hpe jat bang la lu ai.
Storage gaw jan n-gun n-nga ai manghkang ni hpe mung hparan ya lu ai. Sumsing lamu gaw second loi mi laman jan a n-gun hpe 80% shayawm kau ya lu ai majaw, wan n-gun npawt nhpang ni hpe myit ru myit tsang shangun ai grid hpe lawan ladan import galaw shangun ai. Battery system ni gaw ndai galai shai ai lam ni hpe pat shingdang ya nna, nbung laru masa hpe n sawn ai sha, n-gun n-gun hpe ngang grin hkra galaw ya ai. Ndai smoothing atsam gaw voltage galai shai ai lam hpe shayawm ya nna, jak rung a asak hpe galu shangun ai-akyu ara ni hpe n law htum shadawn shadang n lu tim, arung arai hku nna manu dan ai.
Size hpe grau kaja hkra galaw na matu, jan a n-gun shapraw ai lam hte shara a n-gun (facility load curves) lahkawng yan hpe atsawm sha sawk sagawn ra ai. Undersized storage gaw manu dan ai jan n-gun yawng hpe n lu rim la ai. Oversized system ni gaw n ra ai capital manu ni hpe gun hpai ai. Detailed modelling gaw, hpaga yumga lam law malawng a matu, hkying hkum 1.5 kaw nna 3.0 lapran na solar array nameplate atsam hpe kaja dik htum shinggyin la lu ai atsam ni hpe madun dan ai.
Tengman ai-Aten bungli galaw ai ga shadawn
AM kaw nna 10 PM du hkra bungli galaw ai garan gachyan ai sutdek langai hpe myit yu ga, 800 kW shadawn shadang n-gun hte 1,200 kW n-gun grau ra ai. Ndai shara hta 500 kW n-gun rawng ai nta ntsa kaw na jan n-gun hte 1 MW / 2 MWh c&i n-gun rawng ai n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn da ai. Ndai gaw, shinggyim masha ni a shani langai mi gara hku byin wa ai hpe yu ga:
Jahpawt hkying 6:00: Dai shara kaw bungli galaw hpang ai hte maren, Solar mung pru hpang wa ai. Battery gaw $0.06/kWh off-peak rates hte shana tup charge galaw ai kaw nna 90% charge galaw ai masa hta naw nga ai. Jahpawt na lit ni gaw madung hku nna jan hte grid power kaw na hkam la ai.
Jahpawt hkying 9:00: Jan a n-gun gaw 450 kW du nna, n-gun gaw 650 kW hta dung nga ai. 200 kW n-gun yawm ai gaw grid kaw na pru wa ai. Ya aten na wan n-gun manu ($0.11/kWh) gaw wan n-gun n-gun n-nga ai majaw, battery n-gun n-nga ai sha naw nga ai.
12:30 hta: Peak solar shapraw ai lam gaw 485 kW du nna, 420 kW ngu ai shara hta n-gun dat ai hta grau ai. EMS gaw 65 kW jan ai hpe grid dut shabra ai hta grau nna battery shinggyin tawn na matu matsun ya ai. Battery SOC gaw du na hkying hkum lahkawng laman 88% kaw nna 92% de rawt jat wa ai.
3:15 hta: Sanghpaw li bungli grau ja wa ai hte maren, Facility load gaw 950 kW de rawt jat wa ai. Solar n-gun gaw 290 kW de hkrat sum mat sai. Grid wan n-gun gaw-hpaji manu $0.28/kWh hta shang wa sai. Battery gaw 400 kW kaw nna n-gun yawm hpang wa ai majaw, grid import hpe 260 kW de shadawn sharam da nna, labau hta grau law ai capping facility ra kadawn ai lam hpe shayawm kau ya ai.
Shana hkying 6:00 hta: Jan shang wa ai hte maren jan a n-gun gaw 50 kW de hkrat sum mat ai. Facility load gaw 880 kW hta naw law nga ai. Battery n-gun hpe 600 kW de jat nna 280 kW ra ai cap hpe n-gun jaw ai. Grid import gaw ngam ai power ra kadawn ai lam hpe madi shadaw ya ai.
Shana hkying 8:30 hta: Battery SOC gaw 25% du wa ai majaw, grid htum mat chye ai reserves ni hpe makawp maga na matu discharge shayawm ai lam hpe shabyin ya ai. Ndai shara gaw ngam ai bungli aten ni a matu grid import hpe loi mi grau law hkra hkap la ai.
Shana hkying 10:00 hta: Magam bungli ni hpe jahkring kau ai hte nhtoi hte HVAC a matu 180 kW de facility load hkrat sum mat ai. Wan manu gaw $0.05/kWh hku nna off-peak madang de hkrat sum mat sai. Battery gaw 400 kW hta bai charge galaw hpang wa nna, manu n hkrat ai grid power kaw na shaw la nna jahpawt du hkra n-gun hpring hpring bai lu la na matu re.
Ndai 24-hour cycle gaw, ra kadawn ai lam hpe 1,200 kW kaw nna 280 kW de shayawm kau ya ai-a 77% shayawm ya ai majaw shata shagu ra kadawn ai gumhpraw $36,800 hpe yeng seng kau ya lu ai. Energy arbitrage gaw manu dan ai on-peak aten ni hta jai lang na matu manu n hkrat ai off-peak power hpe mahkawng da ai hku nna shata shagu $8,200 hpe jat bang lu ai.
Daw daw shada da kanawn mazum ai lam
C&i n-gun shinggyin ai arung arai ni gara hku matut mahkai ai hpe chye na ai gaw, dai system a bungli galaw ai hpaji hpe madun dan ai. Ndai nta gawgap ai lam gaw, layers lapran hta shiga ni hpe lahkawng maga hku lwi shangun ai, madang hku nna hkang zing ai hkrang hpe hkan sa ai.
Npawt nhpang kaw, battery cell sensor ni gaw, n-gun, n-gun, n-gun n-gun ni hpe module-madang BMS hkang ai ni de millisecond 200 shagu hta shalai ya ai. Ndai module controller ni gaw, 14-16 cells kaw na data ni hpe shinggyin la nna, buga ginra hta rap ra ai lam galaw ai hte shimlam hpe jep joi ai lam ni hpe galaw ai. Hpa cell voltage mung shim lum ai parameters hta jan mat yang, module BMS gaw dai module hpe system galaw ai ni manghkang byin ai hpe pyi n chye ai sha, buga kaw nna pat kau ya lu ai.
Module BMS unit ni gaw rack-madang Battery Hkringmang Dap de shiga jaw ai, dai gaw rack langai hta module 8-16 hpe yu reng ai. Rack BMS gaw, n-gun kya dik ai module a masa hpe madung tawn nna, charge a masa, hkamja lam a masa, lu ai atsam yawng hpe sawn la ai. Dai gaw shim lum ai charge hte discharge shadawn sharam hpe dawdan ya ai, dai gaw cell ni a asak n bung ai majaw, cycle shagu hta n bung chye ai.
Power Conversion System gaw ndai shadawn sharam ni hpe rack BMS kaw na hkap la nna, galaw mai ai shadawn sharam ni de gale ya ai. BMS gaw 800 amps daram shim lum ai n-gun dat dat ai lam hpe tsun dan ai rai yang, PCS gaw inverter a n-gun dat gaw, shara ra kadawn ai lam hpe n sawn ai sha, ndai threshold hta galoi mung n lai hkra galaw ya ai. Ndai makawp maga lam gaw, system a prat hpe hkra machyi shangun ai battery hpe pat shingdang ya ai.
Apex kaw gaw PCS hte BMS lahkawng yan hte matut mahkai ai N-gun Hkringmang Dap nga ai. EMS gaw, shara kaw na wan n-gun ra kadawn ai lam, wan n-gun manu jahpu, jan n-gun shapraw ai lam (nga yang) hpe jep joi nna, kaja dik htum battery shapraw ai lam hpe sawn la ai. Dai gaw PCS hpe 5-second lapran hta power command ni hpe shapraw ya ai: "300 kW hta charge galaw u" shing nrai "450 kW hta charge galaw u." PCS gaw BMS jaw da ai shimlam masat masa ni hpe hkungga ai hku nna ndai matsun ni hpe galaw ai.
Shinggan na system ni mung EMS de data ni hpe jaw ya ai. Nbung laru tau hkrau tsun ai API ni gaw nbung katsi ai lam hte jan a nhtoi hpe tau hkrau tsun dan ai. Utility aten-a-lang ai aten ladaw ni hpe shi hkrai shi upload galaw ai. Facility nta hpe hparan ai ladat ni gaw du wa na bungli galai shai ai lam ni hpe tsun dan ai-a aten masat da ai galaw shapraw ai lam (sh) laban bat mi tup pat kau ai lam. Ndai amyu myu nga ai data gaw, garan ginhka da ai hkang zing ai ladat ni hte n mai byin ai, grai kungkyang ai optimization hpe galaw lu shangun ai.
Hkamja lam hte asak galu na matu lam ni
Battery hten za ai lam gaw c&i n-gun shinggyin ai ladat ni a matu madung bungli galaw ai lam hpe myit tsang ai lam hpe madi madun nga ai. Lithium-ion cell ni gaw n mai koi yen ai sha, charge-discharge cycle ni hpe bai nhtang galaw ai hku nna, n-gun yawm mat chye ai, n-gun yawm mat ai lam hpe bungli galaw ai masa ni grai hkra machyi shangun ai. Tengman ai hku hkang zing da ai ladat ni gaw, 4,000-6,000 tup tup sung ai shingjawng ai hpang, shawng na atsam a 80% hpe n-gun jaw ya lu nna, 10-15 ning tup bungli galaw lu ai aten hpe ga gale ya lu ai.
Katsi ai hpe hkang ai gaw battery a asak galu ai hpe grau nna hkra machyi shangun ai.℃nbung katsi ai lam hpe kaja dik ai shara hta jan nna jat wa ai shaloi, hkrat sum ai lam hpe lahkawng lang jat wa shangun ai.℃hta matut manoi bungli galaw ai battery gaw 6 ning laman hta sha -a prat htum wa na re, 25℃hta n bung ai hardware hpe gram lajang ai gaw 14 ning jan rai na re. Ndai nbung katsi ai hpe hkam sha lu ai lam gaw, hpa majaw liquid cooling system ni gaw, shawng nnan na manu grau law ai raitim, grau kaba ai installation ni a matu sut masa lam hta akyu rawng ai hpe sakse madun dan nga ai.
Cycle sung ai gaw -linear n re ai hku nna atsam hpe n-gun jaw ai. Hkum tsup ai sung ai--discharge cycle (100% kaw nna 0%) gaw, daw mi cycle galaw ai hta grau nna cell ni hpe grau nna myit ru myit tsang shangun ai. 90% hte 10% SOC lapran cycle galaw ai battery langai gaw 80% n-gun n du shi yang 5,000 daram cycle galaw lu ai. Dai battery langai sha 80% hte 20% SOC lapran cycle galaw ai shaloi, 12,000 cycle galaw lu na re-a 140% akyu rawng ai prat hpe jat wa lu na re. Dai majaw, hpaji rawng ai EMS system ni gaw, bungli galaw ra ai lam ni ahkang jaw ai shaloi, daw mi sha cycle galaw ai hpe ra sharawng ma ai.
Calendar aging gaw cycle n jawn ai sha pyi byin chye ai. Battery ni gaw n bungli n galaw ai sha dung nga ai shaloi, kata na chemical reaction ni a majaw loi loi hte hten za mat ai. Ndai hten za ai lam gaw charge grai law ai aten hta lawan ai hku byin wa ai-100% SOC hta battery ni hpe tawn da ai gaw 50% SOC hpe n-gun jaw ai hta grau lawan ai hku hkrat sum mat ai. Raitim, backup power atsam ra ai hpaga lam hte seng ai application ni gaw, jin jin rai ra ai lam ni hte asak galu ai lam hpe rap ra hkra galaw ra ai.
Inverter hpe gram lajang ai lam gaw loi mi sha re ai hpe sakse madun nga ai. Cooling fan ni hpe 3-5 ning shagu galai ra ai rai nna, langai mi hpe $800-1,500 manu jahpu jaw ra ai. Capacitors ni gaw 10-12 ning lapran na aten ladaw nga ai rai nna, PCS langai mi hta galai na matu $3,000-5,000 manu jahpu jaw ra ai. N rai yang, solid-state power electronics gaw mau hpa kam hpa mai ai lam hpe madun dan ai, hkrat sum ai lam lapran na aten gaw, kaja ai arung arai ni a matu shaning 20 jan rai nga ai.
EMS hte BMS ni hta madung hku nna software hpe gram lajang ra ai. Firmware update ni gaw shata mali hta kalang du wa nna, grau kaja ai algorithms ni hte bug ni hpe gram lajang ai lam ni hpe bang da ai. Remote connectivity gaw ndai update ni hpe site de n sa ai sha galaw lu ai majaw, gram lajang ai lam hpe shayawm ya lu ai. Facility hparan hpung langai gaw, shawng ningnan lang galaw hpang ai hpang, c&i n-gun shinggyin ai ladat hpe arawn alai hku gram lajang ai hta shaning shagu hkying hkum 8 hta n-pu aten jai lang ai lam tsun dan ai.
Sut masa galaw ai lam masat masa
c&i n-gun shinggyin ai kaw na gumhpraw htingnut ai lam gaw, system a prat tup hta jat wa ai manu dan ai lam law law kaw na pru wa ai. Demand charge hpe shayawm ai gaw, grau nna, demand charges gaw wan n-gun yawng a manu hta 30-70% daram lawm ai ginra ni hta, kaba dik htum akyu langai hpe jaw ya ai. Shata shagu $35/kW ra kadawn ai manu jahpu jaw ai shara langai gaw, lu la ai peak shayawm ai kilowatt langai hta $420/kW shaning shagu hkoi shap lu ai.
N-gun arbitrage gaw aten-a-lang ai shadawn shadang shai hkat ai lam ni hpe jai lang ai hku nna jat bang ai manu hpe garum ya ai. Peak hte off-peak wan n-gun lapran $0.20+ garan ai gat lawk ni gaw lachyum rawng ai akyu ni hpe lu la shangun ai. MWh system langai mi gaw, shani shagu charge hpring ai-hprawng shapraw ai lam langai hpe galaw ai shaloi, $0.20/kWh garan ai hku nna shaning shagu $73,000 daram lu la ai (97% round-hkrun lam n-gun hpe hkam la lu ai). Ndai gaw bungli galaw ai nhtoi 250 hpe sawn la nna, gram lajang ai lam hte n law ai-spread aten ni hpe ahkang jaw ai.
Backup power value hpe shadawn na matu yak ai hpe sakse madun ai raitim, hpaga lam pat shingdang na hkrit tsang lam hpe arung arai hku nna shayawm ya lu ai. US N-gun Hkringmang Dap gaw, n-hkap la ai n-gun kilowatt-hkying hkum mi hta, hpaga lam n-gun shayawm ai lam a matu $15 kaw nna $150 lapran manu jahpu jaw ra ai ngu sawn la ai, dai gaw, shara amyu myu hte maren grai shai hkat ai. Data center zawn re ai ahkyak ai bungli ni (sh) manu dan ai bungli-in-progress inventory hte galaw shapraw ai lam ni gaw ndai ginra a tsaw dik htum de hkrat sum mat ai.
Gat lawk kaba wa ai hte maren, bungli masing yawng a matu jai gumhpraw grai yawm mat wa sai. Turn-key c&i n-gun shinggyin ai shara ni hpe ya aten hta 500 kWh n-gun jan ai system ni a matu kWh mi hta $600-900 manu jahpu jaw ra ai. Dai hta battery, inverter, EMS, n-gun jat ai lam, n-gun jat ai lam ni lawm ai. 200 kWh npu na kaji ai system ni gaw, n-gun n law ai shara ni hta bra ayai nga ai, n-gun n rawng ai engineering hte ahkang jaw ai manu jahpu ni a majaw, $1,200/kWh jan mai byin ai.
Lu mai ai n-gun jaw ai lam ni gaw, tara upadi law law hta sut masa hpe grai shatsaw ya lu ai. California a Tinang hkum tinang-hpan shapraw ai lam hpe n-gun jaw ai lamang gaw, lithium{3}}ion system ni a matu $200/kWh jaw nna, bungli masing yawng a manu jahpu hta na 22-33% hpe hkap la lu ai. Federal sut masa ahkun hkanse 30% hpe jan n-gun hte n-gun dat hte hpawng de ai shaloi jai lang ai. Massachusetts gaw ra kadawn ai manu jahpu hpe shayawm na matu n-gun jaw gumhpraw jaw ai. Hkrum zup ai n-gun jaw ai lam ni gaw, kaja ai gat lawk ni hta, net project manu hpe 40-60% shayawm ya lu ai.
Kalang lang hka wa na aten gaw, shara kaw na wan manu, bungli galaw ai aten ladaw, lu mai ai n-gun jaw ai lam ni hta hkan nna, 3 ning kaw nna 7 ning lapran rai nga ai. Ra kadawn ai manu kaba ai hte peak/off-peak rate spread kaba ai shara ni gaw lawan dik ai akyu lu la ma ai. Massachusetts mungdaw na tsi rung langai mi gaw, n-gun jaw ai hpang, 750 kWh system hpe 3.2 ning tup bai wa na lam tsun ai, madung gaw, ra kadawn ai lam hpe yeng seng kau ai hku nna, shaning shagu $83,000 hpe hkye la lu ai.
Galoi mung san ai ga san ni
C&I n-gun n-gun hpe shinggyin tawn na matu kade daram na hkra aten la ra ai kun?
Install galaw ai aten gaw system kaba ai hte site a yak hkak ai lam ni hta hkan nna bat 4 kaw nna 12 du hkra n bung ai. Ya nga ai wan n-gun nta langai mi hta 250 kWh system langai mi hpe, n-gun jaw ai kaw nna, n-gun jaw ai aten du hkra, bat 3-4 ra ai. Shinggan de pad-mounted shingdu shingwang ni lawm ai multi-megawatt system kaba ni gaw, npawt nhpang bungli, jak rung ni hpe jung ai, utility shada da matut mahkai ai lam ni hpe myit hkrum ai lam ni, system hpe chyam dinglik ai lam ni hpe galaw ngut na matu bat 8-12 ra na re. Permitting gaw hkum hkrang n-gun n-jaw shi yang bat 2-6 jat bang ai.
Ya nga ai shara ni gaw n-gun shinggyin ai ladat ni hpe bai gram lajang mai na kun?
Sut hpaga galaw ai shara law malawng gaw, wan n-gun nta shara law law hte, ya nga ai wan n-gun daw jau ai atsam nga yang, gram lajang ai lam ni hpe galaw mai ai. Ndai masa gaw, 100 kWh hta square feet 15-25 daram ra ai, dai hta n-ga, hka lim ai shara ni mung lawm ai. Dai shara a madung garan gachyan ai panel (sh) utility meter de wan n-gun matut mahkai ai shara ni gaw, system a charge/discharge n-gun kaba dik htum hpe madi shadaw ya ra ai. Professional site assessment gaw, hkying hkum 2-3 laman hta, n-gun n rawng ai lam ni hte galai shai ra ai lam ni hpe chye na lu ai.
Wan n-gun shayawm ai shaloi hpa byin ai kun?
Grid hkrat sum ai aten hta, dai system gaw millisecond 16 laman voltage sum mat ai hpe mu nna, shi hkum shi htawt sit ai ladat hpe galaw ya ai. PCS gaw isolation contactor ni hku nna grid kaw na matut mahkai lam hpe dawm kau nna, dai hpang 100 millisecond -lawan ai hku nna battery power hpe jai lang nna ahkyak ai shara ni hpe n-gun bai jat ya ai majaw, jak law malawng gaw n-gun n rawng ai. Dai system gaw battery n-gun yawm mat ai aten du hkra matut nna n-gun jaw nga ai. Backup galaw ai aten gaw, shara a lit hte battery n-gun hta madung nga ai; 500 kWh system gaw 100 kW ahkyak ai lit ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai majaw hkying hkum 4-5 tup bungli galaw lu ai.
Dai system gaw jan a n-gun hpe gara hku hparan ai kun?
Solar n-gun dat shapraw ai lam gaw, shara a lit hte battery charge galaw lu ai atsam lahkawng yan hpe lai mat wa ai shaloi, EMS gaw sut masa hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai hta madung tawn nna, shayawm ai ladat hpe jai lang ai. Utility shada da matut mahkai ai ga sadi ni hta grid hpe maigan de dut shabra ai lam hpe pat hkum da ai rai yang, dai system gaw, lu ai jai lang ai lam hte maren, solar inverter pru ai lam hpe shayawm kau ya ai. Grid dut shabra na ahkang jaw ai raitim, sut masa n mai byin ai rai yang, battery ni gaw grau law ai manu hte charge galaw nna, excess generation hpe dut shabra ai gaw, ya nga ai manu hte charge galaw ai. Nkau system ni gaw, jan a n-gun law htum hpe akyu rawng ai hku jai lang lu na matu, pre-cooling (sh) hka hpe katsi shangun ai zawn re ai, myit ra ai lit ni hpe mung galaw ya lu ai.
System Sizing hpe myit yu ra ai lam ni
Tengman ai c&i n-gun shinggyin ai ladat hpe shadawn shadang masat masa galaw na matu, n-gun atsam (kW), n-gun atsam (kWh), hte aten ladaw (hours) ngu ai laklai ai masa masum hpe sawk sagawn ra ai. Power capacity gaw, dai system gaw kade daram ra kadawn ai lam hpe shayawm ya lu ai hpe dawdan ya ai. N-gun atsam gaw dai n-gun jaw ai lam kade daram na hkra nga lu na hpe gaw gap ya ai. Duration gaw n-gun hte n-gun a lapran na ratio hpe madi madun ai.
Demand charge hpe shayawm ai application ni gaw power atsam hpe ahkyak shatai nna galaw ai. Peak facility ra kadawn ai lam gaw 1,500 kW du tim, kaja dik htum galaw na matu yaw shada ai gaw 1,000 kW rai yang, dai system gaw 500 kW n law htum n-gun dat ra ai. Dai hpang n-gun atsam gaw peak ni kade daram na hkra grin nga lu ai hta madung nga ai. Peak ni gaw shani shagu hkying hkum 2-3 daram sha nga ai rai yang, 500 kW / 1,250 kWh system (hkying hkum 2.5 laman) gaw, ra ai n-gun hpe jaw ya lu ai.
Aten-a-lang ai arbitrage application ni gaw n-gun atsam hpe ahkyak shatai nna tsun ai. Laksan shara langai mi hta 300 kW shadawn shadang n-gun dat ra ai -peak window ni hta hkying hkum 6-hkying hkum hkam sha chye ai. Ndai gaw 300 kW / 1,800 kWh sizing (hkying hkum 6 laman) hpe tsun mayu ai. Raitim, ndai system gaw bat mi hta 5-6 ya sha bungli galaw ai majaw, off-peak aten hta full charge galaw mai ai. Ndai duty cycle gaw, n-gun kaba ai charge hte seng ai calendar aging hpe pat shingdang ya ai.
Manu dan ai lam law law hpe kayau kaya galaw ai Hybrid application ni gaw, aten langai hta ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe atsawm sha sawk sagawn ra ai. Hpaga lam galaw ai shara langai mi gaw, galaw shapraw ai aten hta peak shaving galaw na matu 400 kW ra na rai nna, hkying hkum 4 tup 200 kW lawan ladan backup power hpe mung ra sharawng na re. Ndai system gaw 400 kW n-gun kaba dik htum hpe jaw ya ra ai rai nna, n yawm htum 800 kWh n-gun atsam (200 kW × hkying hkum 4) hpe backup magam bungli a matu tawn da ra ai. Ndai lam gaw, shani shagu cycle jawn na matu 800 kWh nga ai ngu sawn la yang, n law htum 400 kW / 1,600 kWh sizing byin shangun ai.
Battery chemistry lata ai lam gaw sizing dawdan ai lam hpe shadut ya ai. Lithium magri phosphate tsi mawan ni gaw 95% sung ai n-gun hpe hkam sharang lu ai, lachyum gaw 1,000 kWh system gaw 950 kWh lang mai ai n-gun hpe jaw ya lu ai. Lithium nickel manganese cobalt tsi mawan ni gaw asak galu na matu 85% DoD hpe shadawn sharam tawn da nna, jai lang mai ai atsam hpe 850 kWh de shayawm kau ya lu ai. Shawng na gaw, application ra kadawn ai lam ni hpe hkap la lu na matu, nameplate atsam n law ai.
Htawm hpang na System atsam marai ni
Dai ni na aten na madang dep ai jai lang ai lam ni hta lai nna, c&i n-gun shinggyin ai ladat ni galaw lu ai lam ni hpe rawt jat wa nga ai hpaji masa ni gaw jat wa nga ai. Virtual power plant hpe hpawng de ai gaw, grid services gat lawk ni hta shang lawm lu na matu, n-gun atsam hpe jai lang ai ni hpe frequency tara masa, voltage madi shadaw ai lam, hte htingnut htingnut ai lam ni hpe jaw ya ai hku nna gumhpraw lu shangun ai.
Ndai VPP masing ni gaw, grid stress aten hta utilities ni shabra ya lu ai hkang lu ai atsam de latsa jan garan gachyan ai shingbyi shara ni hpe shinggyin la lu ai. Shi a 500 kWh system hpe masat da ai shara langai mi gaw, shaning shagu $3,000-8,000 daram atsam manu jahpu lu la mai ai, teng sha dat dat ai shaloi, bungli galaw ai lam a matu gumhpraw jat bang na re. Ndai shara gaw, ahkyak ai bungli ni hpe grid service ga sadi ni hta grau nna ahkyak shatai nna, n-gun jaw ai ahkaw ahkang hpe naw tawn da ai.
Mawdaw-to-grid hpe hpawng de ai gaw kaga rawt jat wa ai atsam langai hpe madi madun ai. Sut hpaga sanghpaw ni wan n-gun jat wa ai hte maren, shanhte jung da ai mawdaw ni gaw, hkawm sa hkawm wa ai n-gun shinggyin ai arung arai ni tai wa ai. Bi-directional charge galaw ai ladat ni gaw, sanghpaw li a battery ni hpe, n-gun kaba ai aten hta, n-gun kaba ai shara de jahkrat kau ya nna, shana tup bai charge galaw ya lu ai. Wan jak mawdaw 20 nga ai delivery company langai gaw, laksan n shamu n shamawt ai battery ni n lang ai sha, 1,600 kWh jat bang lu ai atsam (mawdaw langai hta 80 kWh) hpe lu la mai ai.
Artificial hpaji gaw ya aten na tara-madung tawn ai ladat ni hta lai nna, system hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya nga ai. Shaning law law na hkra galaw ai shara ni a bungli galaw ai jahpan ni hpe sharin hkam la ai Neural network ni gaw, n-gun hte wan manu ni hpe, moi na tau hkrau tsun ai ladat ni hta grau hkrak ai hku tau hkrau tsun dan lu ai. Pilot galaw ai lam langai gaw, shawng na EMS algorithm hte shingdaw yang, ra kadawn ai manu jahpu hpe 11% jat wa shangun nna, grau kaja ai hkang zing ladat ni hku nna, ya nga ai hardware kaw na manu jat ai lam hpe shaw la lu ai.
Modular jat wa ai atsam gaw, hpaga lam ra kadawn ai lam ni rawt jat wa ai hte maren, system ni hpe jat wa shangun ai. Shawng nnan na jung ai lam ni hpe grai kaba hkra galaw na malai, shara ni gaw n-gun atsam hpe jai lang nna, bungli galaw ai lam ni jat wa ai hte maren, battery cabinet ni hte inverter module ni hpe jat bang mai ai. Ndai ladat gaw scalability hpe n-gun jaw ai sha, upfront capital ra ai lam hpe shayawm ya ai. Ya aten hta, galaw shapraw ai ni law law gaw, 500 kWh kaw nna 3+ MWh du hkra, lamu ga jarit jat wa na matu, madang masat da ai arung arai ni hpe jat bang ai hku nna, galaw shapraw da ai ladat ni hpe jaw nga ma ai.
Kaga facility system ni hte c&i n-gun shinggyin ai lam hpe hpawng de ai gaw, grau kaja ai ahkaw ahkang ni hpe jat bang ya ai. HVAC hkang ai lam ni hte hpawng de ai gaw, manu n hkrat ai off-peak wan n-gun hpe jai lang nna, "katsi ai" hpe thermal energy hku nna mahkawng da lu ai. Ndai lam gaw grid wan n-gun grau law ai aten hta hkrak sha shana de katsi ai load ni hpe shayawm ya ai. Electrochemical hte thermal storage lahkawng yan hpe jai lang ai ladat ni hpe kahkyin gumdin ai gaw, hpaji masa langai ngai hta na 15-25% grau nna, n-gun atsam manu hpe shayawm ya lu ai.
Ndai rawt jat lam ni gaw, c&i n-gun shinggyin ai lam gaw, madung hpawng de ai arung arai hku nna magam gun nga ai, grau grau nna kungkyang wa ai shara n-gun hparan ai lam de madun nga ai. Tau hkrau masat da ai aten ladaw ni hpe madung tawn nna, charge hte discharge galaw ai passive system ni hta, htawm hpang na installation ni gaw, n-gun atsam yawng hpe actively orchestrate galaw na re-hpaji n-gun jat ai lam, grid imports, buga ginra hta shinggyin tawn da ai, hte hkang lu ai lit ni-dai hku nna, manu jahpu hpe shayawm kau lu na matu hte bungli galaw ai lam a ahkyak ai lam ni hpe madi shadaw ya ai.