LiFePO4 hte Lithium{1}}Ion: Hkringmang daju a matu kaja dik htum battery

Nang shingdaw ai rai yang .LiFePO4 hte lithium -ion hka htung nin-gun shinggyin ai masing langai a matu, LiFePO4 (lithium iron phosphate, shing nrai LFP) gaw, n shamu n shamawt ai shara hta shinggyin ai, jan hpe shingdaw ai, nta kaw shingbyi ai, hpaga lam hta BESS hte off-grid lang ai lam law malawng a matu ra sharawng ai chemistry rai nga ai. Smartphone, drone, laptop hte shamu shamawt ai arung arai nkau mi hta zawn, n-gun atsam hte n-gun atsam gaw hkrang shapraw ai lam hpe uphkang ai shaloi, NMC hte NCA zawn re ai htunghking lithium-ion chemistries ni gaw grau n-gun ja ai lata la ai lam naw rai nga ai.

Gara hku mung shingdaw yu yang, asan sha tsun dan ra ai lam langai gaw ahkyak nga ai: LiFePO4 gaw shi hkum nan lithium-ion chemistry langai mi rai nga ai. "Lithium-ion battery" ngu tsun ai shaloi, shanhte gaw cobalt- shing nrai, nickel-hkum tsup ai tsi mawan ni (NMC, NCA, LCO) hpe tsun mayu ai. Ndai laika hta "htunghking lithium-ion" ngu ai ga si hpe dai tatut galaw mai ai lachyum hta lang ai, LFP hpe teng sha nga ai lithium-ion subtype hku nna masat da ai.Battery DakkasuLFP hpe cobalt-hkum tsup ai cell law malawng hta na, n-gun n law ai hte n-gun n law ai lithium-ion chemistry hku nna garan ginhka da ai.

Gara hku lata na?

LiFePO4 hpe application hta lawm ai shaloi, shingra tara hku nna grau ra sharawng ai:

• Shani shagu (sh) -ni hte ni ai -shaning law law na magam bungli prat hta shani shagu cycle jawn ai
• N-gun hte lagaw n-gun gaw lahkawng ngu na shara kaw nga ai, ngang grin ai installation
• Jan a n-gun hpe tinang lang ai, n-gun ja ai hku gang je kau ai, backup galaw ai (sh) grid kaw na off galaw ai
• Wan -shim lum lam hte n-gun-hprawng hkawm ra ai lam ni hpe grai ngang kang hkra galaw ra ai
• Long-term manu hpe jai lang mai ai aten ladaw langai a manu hte shadawn ai, sticker manu n re

Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun ja ai lithium-ion (NMC, NCA, LCO) gaw:

• Dai arung arai hpe lata hte - hpai ai (sh) nbungli hte htaw ai, gram shagu hpe hti ai
• Volumetric n-gun atsam gaw hpaga lam hkrang hpe shadut ya ai
• Duty cycle gaw n-gun n law ai hte shaning loi mi laman galai na hpe myit mada ai .

LiFePO4 ngu ai gaw hpa rai ta?

LiFePO4 battery langai gaw, shi a cathode arung arai hku nna, lithium magri phosphate hpe lang ai. Cell madang hta, nominal voltage gaw 3.2 V grup yin hta dung nga ai, 3.65 V makau na charge cut-off hpe n-gun jaw ai lam nga ai.

Hpa majaw integrators ni gaw LFP hpe n shamu n shamawt ai sha tawn da na matu lata ai:

• Long cycle prat - hpe 3,000 kaw nna 6,000+ cycle hku nna masat da ai gaw, hka pru ai lam a sung ai, katsi ai hte C-rate hta hkan nna rai nga ai.
• Nickel-sut su ai tsi mawan ni hte seng nna, n-gun ja ai n-gun -hprawng pru wa ai n-gun
• Cobalt-manu jahpu n jaw ra ai sha, grau ngang grin ai raw-arung arai manu jahpu hte garan gachyan ai lam
• N-gun rawng ai inverter hte PCS bungli hpe madi shadaw ya ai flat discharge curve
• Nta hte hpaga lam hta lang ai modular rack-mount hte stacked htingnu gawgap ai lam ni hte htuk manu ai lam

Trade-offs ni gaw teng sha rai nna makoi da n mai ai:

• NMC hta grau npu na volumetric hte gravimetric n-gun atsam n-gun
• lang mai ai kilowatt-hkying hkum mi hta grau li ai pack mass
• Active heating n lawm ai sha n-gun n law ai-n-gun charge galaw lu ai atsam hpe shayawm kau ai
• Capacity class nkau mi a matu cell madang hta upfront manu grau tsaw ai, raitim, manu-per-cycle gaw shingra tara hku nna yawm ai

Project-madang hta jai lang na matu, LFP gaw anhte a 2019 ting hta uphkang ai chemistry rai nga ai.n-gun ja ai-LiFePO4 shinggyin tawn ai ladat niHteshinggan na gawk BESSproduct lines, hpa majaw nga yang, cycle prat hte shim lum ai margins ni gaw hpaga yumga mari ai ni ra sharawng ai warranty masa ni hte htap htuk ai majaw re.

Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun rawng ai Lithium-Ion Battery ngu ai gaw hpa rai ta?

"Hpaga lam hta lang ai lithium-ion" hpe madung hku nna tsun mayu ai:

• LCO - lithium cobalt oxide, jai lang ai wan jak ni hta law law lang lang ai
• NMC - lithium nikel mangan cobalt oxide, EV pack ni hte n shamu n shamawt ai ladat nkau mi hta law law lang ai
• NCA - litium nikel kobalt aluminium oksaid, lata la ai EV jai lang ai lam ni hta lang ai
• LMO - lithium manganese oxide, NMC hte law law lang kayau ai

Ndai chemistries ni gaw grau tsaw ai nominal voltage (ga shadawn 3.6 kaw nna 3.7 V) hta bungli galaw nna, grau tsaw ai specific energy hpe jaw ya ai majaw, phone, laptop, drone, wan jak hte wan jak mawdaw law law a matu default hku nna naw nga nga ai. N shamu n shamawt ai sha tawn da na matu, shara n law ai shaloi NMC hpe kalang lang lata ai, raitim, thermal-runaway profile hte cycle prat hpaga yumga-offs ni hpe system madang hta hparan ra ai.

LiFePO4 hte Lithium -Ion: Maga mi de shingdaw ai lam

Ndai jahpan ni gaw madun ai range ni re. Tengman ai-mungkan a bungli galaw ai lam gaw cell grade, pack design, BMS logic hte bungli galaw ai masa ni hta madung nga ai; manufacturer datasheets ni gaw gara arai langai ngai a matu ahkaw ahkang lu ai laika buk hku nna naw nga nga ai.

Hkamja lam hte N-gun n-gun

LFP cell ni gaw NMC (sh) NCA cell ni hta grau nna thermal-runaway byin hpang ai nbung katsi ai lam nga ai, runaway aten hta pru wa ai n-gun gaw madung hku nna yawm ai. Oak Ridge National Laboratory kaw nna shapraw ai sawk sagawn ai lam hta, grai law hkra jai lang ai -format lithium-ion cell kaba ni hpe shingdaw yu ai shaloi, LFP cell ni gaw NCM cell ni hta grau nna n-gun n rawng ai nbung n-gun hpe madun dan ai, dai cell nkau mi gaw chyam dinglik ai shaloi wan hkru ai (sh) n-gun ja ai hku pru wa ai hpe mu lu ai. Ndai lam gaw LFP hpe "default hku nna shim lum ai" n byin shangun ai: gara lithium chemistry mung jak hte hkra machyi ai, galaw shapraw ai hta n kaja ai, grai law hkra charge galaw ai (sh) n kaja ai BMS setting ni hpe hkrum katut yang hkrat sum chye ai.

Stationary system ni a matu, shim lum ai lam hpe chemistry hku nna zawn, hpawng de ai lam hku nna mung dawdan ai. Pack-madang wan hkru ai lam, cell-to-cell de garan pru ai lam, gas hpe mu tam ai lam, wan hkru ai lam hpe pat shingdang ai lam hte shinggrup da ai rating yawng gaw ahkyak ai lit hpe gun hpai nga ai.BESS a matu UL masat masa(ga shadawn UL 9540 hte UL 9540A) hte IEC 62619 chyam dinglik ai lam ni gaw, chemistry masat kumla ni sha n-ga, grau akyu rawng ai shingdaw ai lam hpe jaw ya nga ai.

Cycle Prat: Nambat ni hpe gara hku hti na

"Cycle life" ngu ai gaw battery datasheet ni hta shut ai hku hti ai langai sha re. "6,000 cycle" ngu ai masat masa gaw:

• Hka pru ai lam a sung ai shara (ga shadawn, 90% DoD, 100% DoD)
• Cycle jawn ai shaloi grup yin (sh) cell katsi ai lam
• Hpaga hte jahkrat ai C-manu
• Hpang jahtum-a-asak hkrung atsam hpe hkam la lu ai npawt nhpang (madung hku nna 80% shing nrai 70%)
• Chyam dinglik ai aten na Calendar asak

Shani shagu cycle galaw ai nta backup system a matu, 80% DoD hte 25℃hta cycle prat hpe 80% du hkra n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun jaw ai, bawnu nambat hpe n san ai. Lani mi hta cycle law law galaw ai peak-shaving project a matu, seng ang ai metric gaw, garan gachyan ai aten laman hta jaw ya ai MWh hta throughput rai nga ai.

N-gun atsam hte n-gun atsam

Ndai shara gaw, htunghking hku lang ai lithium-ion gaw, dawdan ai hku naw awng dang nga ai shara rai nga ai. NMC hte NCA cell ni gaw kilogram mi hte litre mi hta n-gun grau law hkra shinggyin tawn da ai majaw, mass gaw bungli galaw ai lam hpe hkrak hkra hkra machyi shangun ai, htaw mai ai electronics, drone hte EV ni hpe uphkang nga ai. LFP packs ni gaw lang mai ai atsam langai sha a matu grau li nna kaba ai, dai gaw rack-mounted cabinet hta n law htum ahkyak ai raitim quadcopter hta grai ahkyak ai.

Sadi jaw ga langai: pack madang hta, gap hkat ai lam gaw shayawm mat ai. LFP a grau kaja ai nbung laru akyang lailen gaw, n shamu n shamawt ai application law law hta cell ni a gap hkat ai lam hpe grau ngang kang hkra galaw ya lu nna, nbung laru-hkang ai hardware hpe shayawm ya lu ai, dai gaw cell-level density n kaja ai lam hpe daw mi shayawm kau ya lu ai.

Charging galaw ai akyang lailen hte system hta htuk manu ai lam

LFP hte n-gun rawng ai lithium-ion gaw charge galaw ai ladat langai sha n mai garan ai. Voltage window, taper logic hte balancing ladat ni gaw n bung ai, shut ai profile hpe lang ai gaw asak hpe shayawm ya nna shim lum lam hpe mung shabyin ya ai. Chemistry langai hpe kaga langai hte n galai shi yang, ndai lam ni hpe jep yu u:

• Mying hte hkum tsup ai-hpring tsup ai n-gun (ga shadawn. 51.2 V LFP hte 48 V "lithium" masat da ai)
• Grau htum charge galaw ai wan n-gun hte lwi ai akyang lailen
• Jan n-gun hpe hkang ai (sh) PCS firmware hte htuk manu ai
• Inverter n-gun n law ai - n-gun hpe dawm kau nna bai - n-gun n-gun jat ai
• BMS matut mahkai ladat (CAN, RS485, Modbus) hte htuk manu ai galai shai ai ladat hpe madi shadaw ya ai
• Hpaga galaw ai wa-hkap la da ai htuk manu ai jahpan

"Lithium" ngu ka da ai battery lahkawng hpe galai shai n mai ai. Ndai gaw gram lajang ai bungli masing ni hta byin chye ai field failure langai mi rai nga ai.

Katsi ai lam hpe galaw lu ai lam hte npu-katsi ai lam hpe charge galaw ai lam

Lithium battery langai ngai hpe 0℃npu de charge galaw yang anode ntsa kaw lithium plating byin wa na hkrit tsang hpa nga ai, dai gaw n-gun hpe prat tup shayawm kau ya nna, shim lum lam hpe mung hkra machyi shangun chye ai. LFP mung ndai kaw na lawt lu ai n re. Tatut galaw mai ai hparan ladat ni gaw, pack kata de bang da ai active heating (sh) BMS-n-gun dat ai charge cut- hpe threshold temperature npu kaw tawn da ai lam ni rai nga ai. N-gun n law ai shara kaw na pru wa ai hpe grau dam lada ai hku hkam sharang lu ai, raitim, lu ai atsam gaw yawm mat wa ai.

Katsi ai shara ni hta jung da ai shinggan na cabinet ni a matu, jep yu na matu manu dan ai masat da ai lam ni gaw, wan wut ai wattage, ahkang jaw da ai charge temperature range, wan wut ai hpe pack kaw na sha n-gun jaw ai kun, shing nrai, garan nna karum ya ai n-gun atsam kaw na jaw ai kun ngu ai lam ni lawm ai. Anhte a hkrak tup ka ai-up gaw 2019 ning hta re.lithium battery katsi ai shadawn shadanghpaga lam hta lang ai operating window ni hpe ka-up da ai.

Manu jahpu shingdaw ai lam

Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun n rawng ai lithium-ion gaw, arung arai ni a jahpan hta manu n hkrat ai zawn rai nga ai, raitim ndai shingdaw ai lam gaw, system madang hta n law ai. Yawng manu jahpu hpe shabyin ya ai lam ni gaw, cell manu jahpu, BMS a yak hkak ai lam, thermal-hkang ai hardware, shingbyi shara, masat masa galaw ai lam, garan gachyan ai lam masa ni, myit mada da ai cycle prat hte galai shai na matu ra ai arung arai ni lawm ai. Shi ning laman shani shagu cycle galaw ai bungli masing langai a matu, grau tsaw ai-upfront LFP pack gaw, shawng nnan galai ra ai manu n-htuk ai NMC pack hta, jaw ai kWh langai hta manu n law ai hpe ayan jaw ya ai.

Procurement hpung ni gaw, $/kWh nameplate atsam hpe sha n-ga, jai lang mai ai cycle langai a manu hte, n-gun jaw da ai kWh langai a manu hpe hpyi shawn ra ai.

Laika shawk shawn ai lam-Laksan lam matsun

Jan wan jak ni hte htaw sa mai ai wan jak ni

LFP gaw ndai garan ginhka ai lam hpe uphkang ai gaw, ngang grin ai shingbyi shara hpe uphkang ai lam ni hte maren sha rai nga ai: galu kaba ai shingra tara prat hte ngang grin ai nbung laru a akyang lailen. NMC version ni gaw minimum weight hpe dut shabra ai shara naw nga ai, raitim, gat lawk gaw LFP de law malawng htawt sit mat sai.

Nta kaw na Backup hte Off-Grid Solar

LFP gaw default re. Shani shagu cycle jawn na matu galaw da ai 48 V (sh) 51.2 V nta backup system a matu, seng ang ai shingdaw ai lam gaw, LFP hte NMC lapran n re ai sha, cell grade n bung ai LFP pack ni a lapran, BMS quality hte inverter htuk manu ai lam - lapran rai nga ai.

Sut masa hte hpaga lam a n-gun hpe mahkawng da ai

LFP gaw dai ni na aten na madang masat masa chemistry re.hpaga lam hte hpaga lam hta n-gun mahkawng da aideployment ni hpe galaw ai. Ndai madang hta, chemistry chyu sha, mahtai hpe dawdan ya lu ai n re; pack gawgap ai lam, nbung hpe hkang ai lam, wan-shimlam hkrang shapraw ai lam hte masat masa galaw ai lam ni gaw grau nna lit la nga ai. Anhte a lakap nnacore BESS daw nigalu- aten galu kam hpa mai ai lam hpe teng sha shabyin ya ai subsystem ni hpe shinggrup da ai.

Hpaji -Scale hte Container hta bang da ai BESS

Mungkan ting ngu na daram LFP. N-gun atsam gaw shim lum lam, cycle prat, daw ni hpe madang masat masa galaw ai lam hte serviceability hta grau n ahkyak ai. Grau kaba aiBESS hparan ladat niya aten na gat lawk hta, dut mari ai ni kaba kaw na LFP cell ni hpe lang ai, system-madang shai hkat ai lam gaw BMS, EMS, katsi ai ladat hte hpawng de ai atsam kaw na pru wa ai.

RV, Panglai hte Off-Grid nta ni

LFP hpe gaw deep-cycle karum shingtau n-gun a matu shingra tara hku nna grau ra sharawng ai. LFP a matu legacy lead-acid hpe n galai shi yang, n-gun n law ai hpe makawp maga ai lam hte alternator (sh) hka hkin gau - n-gun charge galaw ai lam ni hpe hkrak hkra galaw u.

Phone, Laptop, Drone ni

Htunghking hku lang ai lithium-ion gaw teng man ai mahtai naw rai nga ai. N-gun atsam n-gun hte hkrang-factor gaw uphkang nga ai; cycle prat hpe hkap la mai ai, hpa majaw nga yang, dai arai a prat laman hta galai shai na hpe myit mada ai majaw re.

Chemistry lahkawng hpe shingdaw yu ai shaloi byin chye ai shut ai lam ni

• LFP hte lithium-ion hpe garan nna masat da ai.LFP gaw lithium-ion tsi mawan langai mi re. Teng sha shingdaw ai lam gaw lithium-ion dinghku kata na chemistries ni yawng hta rai nga ai.
• Nameplate atsam hpe sha shingdaw ai.Laksan lang mai ai atsam, DoD shadawn sharam, nbung katsi ai hte C-rate hte derating grau ahkyak ai.
• Charger hte inverter n bung ai lam hpe n sawn ai.N bung ai voltage window ni a majaw warranty hkrat sum ai lam ni hte hkai sun hta byin ai lam ni byin chye ai.
• Cycle-hkum tsup ai bungli hta upfront manu a matu kaja dik htum galaw ai.Deliver galaw ai MWh langai a manu gaw lachyum nga ai metric re.
• Laika hti ai cycle-asak hkrung nambat ni hpe masa n lawm ai sha.DoD, nbung katsi ai hte n-gun n rawng ai "6,000 cycle" ngu ai gaw marketing re, data n re.
• Lithium chemistry langai ngai gaw sub-zero charge hpe hkam sharang lu ai ngu sawn la ga.LFP hte n-gun rawng ai Li-ion lahkawng yan gaw 0℃npu hta makawp maga (sh) katsi shangun ra ai.

Dawdan ai lam

Lahkam 1 - Duty cycle hpe tsun dan u.Shani shagu cycle jawn ai, kalang lang backup galaw ai, frequency hpe hkang ai (sh) aten ladaw hte maren shinggyin tawn da ai langai hte langai gaw mahtai hpe kaga maga de shadut ya ai.

Step 2 - Hkum hkrang n-gun hpe masat da u.Lagaw lahkam, n-gun, grup yin katsi kahtet ai shadawn shadang, nta kata hte shinggan, nbung n-gun, wan hkru ai tara.

Lahkam 3 - Garanti yaw shada ai lam hpe tsun dan u.Shaning law law magam gun ai, MWh throughput, myit mada ai DoD, atsam marai hpe n-gun jaw ai. Chemistry lata ai lam gaw ndai ni hpe jahpan hku sha n-ga, ga shaka hku madi shadaw ra ai.

Lahkam 4 - System hte htuk manu ai hpe jep yu u.Inverter, PCS, EMS, matut mahkai ladat ni, hte ya nga ai gram lajang mai ai arung arai ni yawng hpe lang mai ai.

Lahkam 5 - Hkamja lam hte masat masa galaw ai lam hpe bai maram yu u.Deployment galaw ai mungdan hte insurer a ra sharawng ai lam ni hpe garai n mari shi yang, masat da ai certification hpe shingdaw yu u.

Hpang jahtum na lusha

LiFePO4 gaw n-gun shinggyin bungli masing ni a matu default chemistry tai wa sai, hpa majaw nga yang engineering hte warranty math ni gaw dai hpe ra sharawng ai majaw re: grau law ai shingjawng ai lam ni, grau n-gun n rawng ai hkrat sum ai lam ni, shi-ning laman hta grau nna tau hkrau chye lu ai sut masa lam ni. Hpa majaw nga yang, n-gun hte n-gun n-gun n-gun gaw, n-gun n-gun hte n-gun atsam gaw, n-gun n-gun n-nga ai shara hta n law htum byin ai.

Project- hte seng ai lam matsun - sizing, inverter hte htuk manu ai lam, masat masa galaw ai lam hta hkan nna, shing nrai, garan gachyan ai lam ni a matu -Anhte a engineer hpung hpe matut mahkai una a load profile, voltage platform hte n-gun dat ai makau grup yin hte rau.